Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Behavior
behavior in social and cultural context
30
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
05/20/2008

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

social perception and cognition

Definition

the way we seek to know and understand other people and events. 

---impression formation

---attribution process

Term

impression formation

Definition

the process by which one integrates various sources of info about another into overall judgement

--rapid assessment

--nonverbal cues

--integrative

Term

social categorization process

 

how is s.c. good?

how is s.c. bad?

Definition

the classification of people into groups based on their common attributes... leads to stereotypes

 

good - allows us to form impressions quickly

bad - can lead to overestimation of differences btw groups

Term

stereotype

 

 

how is it good?

how is it bad?

Definition

a fixed way of thinking about people that puts them into categories and doesn't allow for individual variation

 

good - efficient

bad - inhibit thought

Term

nonverbal cues

Definition

facial expressions

eye contact

body movements

Term
facial expressions
Definition

charles darwin:  they are universal, understood throughout the world.  necessary to understand them for survival.  people are most attentative to facial expressions that convey danger

Term
three reactions to perceiving groups
Definition

stereotypes

prejudice

discrimination

Term

ingroup

Definition
people you identify with
Term
outgroup
Definition
groups other than your own
Term
two reasons for the tendency to perceive outgroups as homogenous
Definition

little personal contact

do not encounter a representative sample

Term
contrast effect
Definition

when an object of a stereotype differs from that stereotype, the difference is magnified

Term
realistic conflict theory
Definition

direct competition for valuable but limited resources breeds hostility between groups

Term

what do winners feel?

what do losers feel?

Definition

winners - protective, threatened

losers - frustrated

Term
imagined competition
Definition
ones innacurate perception
Term
relative depravation
Definition

you feel as though you fare poorly compared to others

Term
egoistic depravation
Definition

you feel as though you deserve something that you were deprived,

 

concern for ones own self interest

Term
fraternal depravation
Definition
concern for group interest
Term
social identity theory
Definition

an explanation of ingroup favoritism

 

we strive to enhance our self-esteem through the groups to which we belong

Term

social identity - good?

social identity - bad?

Definition

boost self esteem

feel need to belittle outgroups

Term
attribution theory
Definition

theory of how other people explain others' behavior with two different explanations for the behavior

 

dispositional (internal) causes

situational (external) causes

 

 

Term

theory of correspondent inferences

 

 

Definition

Edward Jones and Keith Davis

 

People try to infer from an action whether the act itself corresponds to enduring personal characteristics -- dispositional inferences

 

choice, expectedness, and consequences of behavior influence actions that may have a dispositional cause

Term

covariation theory

Definition

Harold Kelly...

people attribute behavior to factors that are present when a behavior occurs and absent when it does not

 

consistency, distinctiveness, and consensus

Term
information integration
Definition
combining different pieces of info about a person into an overall impression
Term

cognitive heuristics

Definition
ways that let us think quickly and easily but frequently lead to error
Term

false-consensus effect

Definition
tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share opinions attitutes and behaviors
Term
availability heuristic
Definition
tendency to estimate the odds that an event will occur by how quickly instances of it come to mind
Term
base rate fallacy
Definition
tendency to rely on anecdotal stories rather than statistics
Supporting users have an ad free experience!