Discriminative stimulus

(S^D, S^D)

A stimulus condition that (a) alters the momentary frequency of a type of behavior (b) because of a correlation between the presence/absence of that stimulus and the relation between that type of behavior and an effective consequence 

Motivating operation (MO)

An MO (a) momentarily (i.e., non-permanently) alters the effectiveness of a particular consequence and (b) alters the frequency of a type of behavior for which that consequence has had behavioral effects.

Reinforcement

A contingency between a response and consequence that results in a LONG TERM EFFECT in which that response is MORE LIKELY TO OCCUR in the future in similar situations.

OR

Occurs when a stimulus change immediately follows a response and increases the future frequency of that type of behavior in similar conditions.

Punishment

A contingency between a response and a consequence that results in a LONG TERM EFFECT in which that response is LESS LIKELY TO OCCUR in the future in similar situations.

OR

Occurs when a stimulus change immediately follows a response and decreases the future frequency of that type of behavior in similar conditions

Extinction

The absence of a reinforcement contingency (i.e., the non-delivery, or WITHHOLDING of reinforcement as a consequence for a response) that results in a LONG TERM EFFECT in which that response is LESS LIKELY TO OCCUR in the future in similar situations.

OR 

The discontinuing of reinforcement of a previously reinforced behavior (i.e., the responses no longer produce reinforcement); the primary effect is a decrease in the frequency of the behavior until it reaches a prereinforced level or ultimately ceases to occur

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN

arrangement of experimental and control (baseline) conditions so as to permit data-based comparisons of the effects of the experimental manipulation(s) (independent variables) on the response(s) of interest (dependent variables).

BASELINE

- measures of behavior against which the effects of the experimental manipulation are compared

PREDICTION

anticipated outcome of a presently unknown or future measurement (typically a function of the amount and stability of data in a given condition)

VERIFICATION

refers to baseline measures; a demonstration that prior levels/patterns of baseline responding would have remained unchanged had the experimental manipulation not taken place

REPLICATION

repetition of the effects of the experimental manipulation; reduces the probability that extraneous variables produced behavior change and demonstrates reliability of behavior change

Reversal Design:

Definition:  Introduction and subsequent removal of a minimum of one independent variable on one baseline.

Alternating Treatment or Multielement Design

: Rapid alternation of two or more independent variables on a single baseline

Multiple Baseline Design

Sequential introduction of one independent variable on more than one baseline