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Beer& wine
German wine Beer brewing process
82
Bartending
Undergraduate 4
03/26/2014

Additional Bartending Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
German Classification System
Definition

(Highest to lowest)

1. Qualitatswein mit Pradikat(Qmp)- these wines make up the toplevel of german wine classification

2. Qualitatswein Bestimmter Anbaugebiete (Qba)- This term translates to "quality wine"

3. Deutscher Tafelwein- This wine is consumed locally and is eldom exported

4.Tafelwein- The lowest of the quality levels

Term
The Sussreserve
Definition
To maintain some sweetness the germans method involves fermenting the wines fully dry, with low alcohol and high acid. Before fermenation a small quantity of unfermentated juice is held back; later this juice is blended into the dry wine in order to adjust and balance the acid to sweetness ration.
Term
6 levels of German Ripeness
Definition

(The riper the grape the sweeter the juice ripest to less ripe)

1)Trockenbeeernauslee

2) Eiswein

3) Beernauslee

4) Auslee

5) Spatelese

6) Kabinett

Term
Kabinett
Definition

*Usually light

*are made up of grapes ripened at normal harvest

*contain malic acids

 

Term
Spatlese
Definition

~late harvest wines made from very ripe grapes

~ wines are intense in flavor, better for richer foods

~dry and ripen on sunny autumn days

Term
Auslee
Definition

~These are selective picked grapes out of extremely ripe bunches

~often have a touch of noble rot

Term
Beerenauslese
Definition

~ Handpicked berries

~rich, sweet desert wine made of overrripe shriveled berries that are

~almost always affected by noble rot

 

Term
Eiswein
Definition

*Made from grapes harvested and pressed wile frozen

*involves frezing the wine at 32 degrees

* Mosel & Rhine are famous locations

* Riesling & Gewurtztraminer are famous varietals

 

 

Term
Trockenbeerenauslee
Definition

~dry select berries that are harvested individually

~have been affected with a fungus that causes them to dry up on the vine

Term
Germany Grape varietals
Definition

1) Riesling   2)Muller Thurgau

3) Silvaner  4) Kerner

5) Gewurztraminer  6) Grauburgunder

7) Pinot Gris 8) Pinot Blanc

9)pinot noir (red) 

Term
Mosel- Saar Ruwer
Definition

~ Germany's most famous wine growing region

~ Known for it's unique slate soil

~nearly all from the riesling grape

 

Term
Rhengau
Definition

*Arguably the 2nd most famous wine growing region in Germany

* Mainly Riesling

*80%min QmP level

 

Term
Erstes Gewachs
Definition

* Wines must be made in dry style or atleast an Auslee

* Traditional techniques must be used

 

Term
Noble Rot
Definition
A so called friendly fungus that grows on certain grapes. It causes the grape skins to break, allowing the juice and the pulp to become affected by the mold.
Term
Fortification
Definition
Fortification is the process of adding a distillate ( often brandy) during or toward the end of fermentation. Adding alcohol kills the yeast and leaves residual sugar
Term
Tafelwein
Definition

~Table wine

~The most basic wine.

~ watch out for E.E.C Tafelwein it does not come from germany, but is a blend if various eec wines

Term
Qualitatswein
Definition

85% of grape varietal

 

Term
Brown Bottle vs Green bottle
Definition

Brown Bottle- comes form the Rhine

Green bottle- comes form the Mosel

Term
4 ingredients of Beer
Definition

1) Water

2)Malt

3)Hops

4) Yeast

Term
Beer Water
Definition

*Hard water for ales

* Soft water for Lagers

*water is treated in breweries to obtain a certin taste or quality level

Term
Malt
Definition

*Barley has been the grain of choice for thousands of years because it's the most suitable for malting.

*wheat is used in wheat beers

*corn and rice is used to import a lighter taste

 

Term
Hops
Definition

~Hops are used for their taste characteristics

~Bitter dry flavor counterbalances the sweetness of malt

~ especially important for beers not pasteurized

~ used at four different steps of the brwing process to give beer its particular flavor

Term
Yeast
Definition

~Converts sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide

~ Different yeast ferment sugars in different ways

 

Term
Ales
Definition

~Top fermenting beer

~ Fermented warm between 59- 68 degrees

~Fermentation last about 1 week

~ period of maturing last only a few days

~ variety of yeast strains

Term
Lager
Definition

-Bottom fermenting beer

- Fermented at colder temperatures

- Generally only one yeast strain

- primary fermentation lasts 5-14 days

- temperatures between 41- 48 degrees

Term
Skunky
Definition

*Aroma and flavor associated with light struck beer

*If exposed to the direct rays of th sun the skunky smell comes in a few moments later

Term
Brew Kettle
Definition

The vessel in which wort from the mash is boiled with hops

 

Term
Dry hopping
Definition
The addition of dry hops to fermenting or aging beer to increase hop character or aroma
Term
Fruity/ Estery
Definition
Flavor and Aroma of bananas, strawberries, apples or other fruit. High temp. Fermentation/ certain yeast strains
Term
Grist
Definition
Milled grains
Term
Micro Brewery
Definition
Small brewery generally producing less than 15,000 barrels per year
Term
Wort
Definition
Solution of grain sugars strained from the mash tun
Term
Keg
Definition
One half barrel (15.5 gallons)
Term
Pony Keg
Definition
One half keg (7.75 gallons)
Term
Mash Tun
Definition
A tank where grist is soaked in water and heated in order to convert starch to sugar
Term
Austalia Wine History
Definition

- First planted in 1788 by European settlers

- Australia took top honors for red wines in 1873

- South Australia by 1930 produced 75%

- 1995 wine spectator rated Australia wine as top wine of the yeaar

- Australians are rated as the top wine drinking country of any english speaking nation.

Term
Australian  white Grape varieties
Definition

1. Chardonnay

2. Semillon

3. Riesling

4. Sauvignon Blanc

5. Verdelho

Term
Australian Red wine varieties
Definition

1.Shiraz

2. Cabernet Sauvignon

3. Merlot

4. Pinot Noir

Term
Australian wine making
Definition

- focus on the fruit forward approach

- usually have less oak influence

- Australians prefer to taste the grape style

 

Term
Hunter Valley
Definition

State= New South Wales

Australia's oldest wine region. The lower hunter, 100 miles north Sydney, is regarded as the greatest are area for Shiraz Semillon. The upper hunter, is considered a predominantly white wine area, creating great Chardonnay's. Regarded as one of the most expensive wine areas.

Term
Mudgee
Definition

State= New South Wales

Small long establishes area 100 west of the Hunter. Creates full bodied wines with rich flavor due to the elevation and climate.

Term
Yarra Valley
Definition

State= Victoria

Wine growing region of Australia since 19th century. Located 30 miles east of Malbourn. Cabernet Sauvignon is considered the leading red grape for the area, with Shiraz close to second

Term
Goulbourn Valley
Definition

State= Victoria

Important small, historic area with one of Australia's oldest wineries. Shira is the most widely planted

Term
Adelaide Hils
Definition

State= south Australia

One of Australia's most talked about regions. Remarkable for it's beautifully styled white wines. Chardonnay is the most widely planted

Term
Barossa Valley
Definition
Oldest and most important region in the state. Settled in the 1840's, this valley produces good all around wines from some Australia's largest producers
Term
Clare Valley
Definition

State= South Australia

Small prestigous area north of Barossa. Regarded  for its high hills that can form very complex wines. Shiraz and Riesling do very well.

Term
Coonawarra
Definition
Remote area 250 miles from Adelaide. Know for it's "Terra Rouge" ( Red Earth, this region produces some of the best, most consistent wines in Australia. This is the most famous wine regions along with the Hunter Valley
Term
Pour Beer
Definition

*Pour the beer so that the stream flows straight into the the center of the glass.

* Do not tilt the glass and pour down its side because you will realease enough caron dioxide

Term
"Beer Clean"
Definition

*beer glasses should be washed with nonsoapy detergents

* Soaps leave a fatty film on the inside of the glass that will break down the bubbles of carbon dioxide

*

Term
Sake
Definition

~ translates to "the essence of the spirit of rice

~ produced in Japan

~ quite strong for a brewed beverage 14%-16%

~

Term
Pilsner
Definition

~ is a term universally employe dto light beer

~ are bright, light lagered beers

 

Term
Bock Beer
Definition

~ is a special brew of heavy beer

~ usually darker and sweeter

~ originally brewed fro the spring

Term
Malt liquor
Definition

~ is a malt beverage brewed like beer

~ usually between 6-7%

~ color usually light and pale

 

Term
Stout
Definition

-is a very dark ale

- malty and slightly bitter

- colored by the addition of roasted barley

Term
Draft Beer
Definition
Beers in containers of 1 gallon or more, the contents are drawn of through a tap or spigot, whether it'sbeen pasteurized or sterile filtered or is unpasteurized
Term
Packaging Beer
Definition

1. kegs

2. Bottles

3. cans

Term
Pasteurized
Definition

- Takes place at 150- 160 degrees

- kept at this temperature for 10-15 minutes

- then cooled rapidly

-makes beer sterile by killing any remaining yeast cells

Term
German Labeling
Definition
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Term
Spanish Wine Laws
Definition

~There are 39 official wine making regions in Spain, and 2 island regions

~Each region is governed by its own Consejo Regulador (a joint regional federal body with a strong local identity

~The (INDO) was formed to oversee and coordinate the activities of the various Consejos Reguladores

~The (INDO), with regional regualtors, governs boudaries of wine regions, yield per acre, pruning methods vinification and aging methods

Term
Spanish Classification system
Definition

1) Denominacion de origen Calificada (DOCa)

2) Denominacion de Origen (DO)

3) Vino de la Tierra (VDT)

4 ) vIno de Mesa

Term
Denominacion de Origen (DO)
Definition
This category is the 2nd level down from the DOCa. Wines are required to be produced in particular geographial areas according to defined methods and quality standards
Term
Denominacion de origen Calificada (DOCa)
Definition

This category is designed for winemakers that have a long track record of producing quality wines

 

Term
Vino de la Tierra (VDT)
Definition
These are country wines with a hint of country of local origin. their producers are allowed to use regional geographical names on the label
Term
Vino De Mesa
Definition
This is ordinary table wine made in bulk production from grapes that originate in a wide variety of regions.
Term
Vino De Calidad
Definition
Quality wine from one of the 39 specific regions. Equivalent of French vin de pays, or perhaps vdqs
Term
Vino de Cosecha
Definition
Vintage wine with atleast 85% of the wine made from grapes harvested in the stated vintage
Term
Vino de Crianza
Definition
Wine that is released to the market in its third year, having spent at least 6 months in small oak barrels. Must have atleast 1 year oak aging, plus 1 year bottle aging.
Term
Reserva
Definition

*Red wines aged atleast 3 years, 1 year of the three in Barrica.

*White wines aged atleast 2 years, including 6 months in oak barrels

 

Term
Gran Reserva
Definition

~Red wines aged 2 years in the barrel plus 3 years in the bottle

~or 3 years in the barrel and 2 in the bottle

~ may not reach market until 6 yearsafter the vintage

Term
Rioja
Definition

~ The rioja produces red, white and Rose still wines with exception of a few wineries that also produce Cave

~At least 90% of Rioja white wines are made exclusively from the Viura grape

Term
Cava
Definition

~is a sparkling white wine made using the "Method Champenois"

~For a wine to be classified as a CAva it must be in conact with the lees for a minimum of 9 months before disgorgement

Term
Cava grape varieties
Definition

1) Parellada

2) Macabeo

3)Xarel-lo

4) Chardonaay

5) Pinot Noir

Term
Porto
Definition

~Is a sweet fortified red ( sometimes white) wine with the addition of a grape spirit before fermentation has been completed. The brandy not only kills the east, leaving residual sugar in the wine, but also acts as a preservative to prolong the quality of the wine during its voyage at sea

~ named after Portugal's second largest city

~

 

Term
Porto Varietals
Definition

1)Touriga Nacional

2) Tinto Cao

3) Tinta Barraca

4) Tinta Roriz

5) Touriga Francesa

 

Term
Tawny Porto
Definition
Tawny ports are made from better, more concentrated grapes than ruby ports. Tawny is aged wood for up to 6 years and blends wines from other vintages. Tawny ports gradually turn from bright red to reddish brown
Term
Aged Tawny porto
Definition
This type of port is mellow and rich. Aged tawny ports are made from top grapes from excellent years. Usually bottled from 10-,20-,20-, or even 40 year old wines.
Term
Ruby Porto
Definition
Ruby is a young, bright red, sweet, and peppery wine meant to be drunk young. It is a blend of several vintages that are normally agend in tanks for a max of 3 years.
Term
Late bottled vintage
Definition
Late bottled vintage ports are not blended, because they are from a single year, and they are bottles between the 4rth and 6th ear from harvest. sometimes referred to as the poor man's vintage port, becaus eof the accesability to be drank sooner.
Term
Vintage Porto
Definition

vintage porto is one of the rarest and most sought after of all ports because it accounts for only about 2% of production. the wine is made with high quality grapes declared to be vintage.

Vintage port is bottled between it's second and 3rd year from harvest

Term
Porto Production
Definition

~ Grapes are crushed traditionally by foot in a proces known as treading

~also could be fermentated in close tanks

Term
Brew porcess
Definition
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Term
pitching
Definition
~Yeast is added to produce primary fermentation
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