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BCHM final
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25
Biochemistry
Undergraduate 1
12/13/2011

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Cards

Term
Malaria is caused by what?
Definition
blood borne disease caused by Plasmodium falciparum, spread by mosquito bites
Term
Where does one stage of the Plasmodium life cycle occur?
Definition
The red blood cells
Term
Draw the three main stages of malaria
Definition
The mosquito stage, the human liver stage, and the human blood stage
Term
What does the Michaelis Menten equation describe?
Definition
The kinetic behavior of many enzymes
Term
The rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction is most dependent on substrates on what concentration?
Definition
Low substrate concentrations
Term
What does a treatment of urea and beta-mercaptoethanol do to a ribonuclease structure?
Definition
It denatures the protein, but only disrupts the secondary and tertiary structure, not the primary
Term
What would be the rate if [S] is equal to Km?
Definition
.5*Vmax
Term
What must you know in order to determine Km and Vmax?
Definition
substrate concentration and Michaelis constant
Term
The hemoglobin HbS mutation leads to what?
Definition
protein aggregation
Term
What is the treatment for acetylcholinesterase inhibition?
Definition
Atropine, which blocks the binding of acetylcholine to its receptor.
Term
What does the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase cause?
Definition
Acetylcholine is permanently bound to its receptor and results in prolonged nerve firing.
Term
What happens with an irreversible enzyme inhibitor?
Definition
The enzyme is covalently modified; therefore, no longer a catalyst.
Term
What do organofluorophosphates do?
Definition
Form a covalent product with the active site of an enzyme(serine), which inactivates the enzyme.
Term
What happens during competitive inhibition?
Definition
The inhibitor mimics the substrate, Km increases, Vmax stays the same.
Term
Draw a Lineweaver Burk plot that shows the presence and absence of a competitive inhibitor.
Definition
[image]
Term
What is the velocity of an equation dependent on?
Definition
Substrate concentration
Term
What is V?
Definition
the reaction rate V (velocity) at a given substrate concentration ([S])
Term
What is Vmax?
Definition
Maximum velocity of a reaction
Term
Km?
Definition
the Michaelis constant; dependent on the affinity of the enzyme for its substrate
Term
How do you find Km on a graph?
Definition
[image]
Term
Why is the malaria resisting phenotype semi-dominant?
Definition
The HbS mutation in the heterozygous state causes the blood cell to sickle and lyse when infected with plasmodium.
Term
What does myoglobin do?
Definition
helps with the diffusion of O2 in the muscle tissue
Term
What does hemoglobin do in regards to O2?
Definition
binds oxygen in the lungs and transports it to other tissues
Term
When the electron shell of Fe condenses, what proximal structures move in close to the heme plan?
Definition
histone residue and F-helix
Term
Hemoglobin exhibits what type of binding, and what does it mean?
Definition
Cooperative binding, where the binding of oxygen to one monomer increases the affinity for oxygen for the other monomer.
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