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Basic terminology
Basic terminology
60
Cosmetology
Undergraduate 1
03/24/2011

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Term
Condition
Definition
To protect or retain the natural state of the hair
Term
Arc
Definition
An incomplete circle, less than a completed round form
Term
Assymetrical
Definition
Lopsided; unbalanced in proportion and size, a counter-balanced style.
Term
Back of the Head
Definition
All hair behind a vertical part extending from the back of the left ear to the back of the right ear.  This includes the crown and the nape sections
Term
Balance
Definition
Equal in size, quantity and distribution. Also might be referred to as symmetrical
Term
Bangs
Definition
An arrangement or presence of hair on the forehead, usually hair from the top section, it is also known as a fringe.  To determine the bang section, create a triangle section consisting of two lines made diagonally from the center of each eyebrow to the top of the head, this will determine what hair will actually fall on to the forehead.
Term
Base
Definition
The point where the end of the hair strand meets the scalp. The scalp end of the hair.
Term
Base Part
Definition
The working part towards which the hair is wound.
Term
Basic
Definition
The fundamental or essential skills and knowledge of a profession.
Term
Body
Definition
The ability of the hair to retain form or shape.
Term
Build
Definition
Creating volume - height in the hair. This can be done by creating a cushion along the scalp with the rotary movement of a comb or brush.
Term
Circle
Definition
Complete, round form, 360 degrees.  The shape of various hairstyling implements, such as rollers, curling irons, perm rods, brushes, etc.
Term
Classic Style
Definition
A style or influence that is universally accepted and will always be seen occasionally.  Page boy, French twist, pony tail.
Term
Clockwise
Definition
The direction in which the hands of the clock rotate.  Occasionally you will see it abbreviated by "C".  There are only two possible circular directions, clockwise and counter-clockwise.
Term
Coiffure
Definition
Hairstyle or arrangement and combing of the hair.
Term
Comb Out
Definition
Controlling, arranging, and designing dry hair.  There are five steps to a comb out: 1) Unfold, 2) Relax, 3) Build, 4) Place, and 5) Finish
Term
Recondition
Definition
To restore hair to its natural state
Term
Cosmetologist
Definition
A person educated, trained, and licensed in all scientific studies and practices of Beauty Culture.
Term
Counter-Clockwise
Definition
The opposite direction in which the hands of the clock rotate.  Occassionally abbreviated by the letters "CC".
Term
Croquignol
Definition
A French term meaning to wind the hair from the ends toward the scalp. Each circumference is rolled over the previous circumference, thus the curl at the end of the hair is smaller than the curl at the scalp.
Term
Crown Section
Definition
An area in the upper two thirds of the back of the head. Circular in form.
Term
Design
Definition
The artistic detail within the silhouette of a style. this would include waves, curls, plains, movement, braiding, etc.
Term
Diagonal
Definition
Connecting two angles.  One of three lines used with hair design in relation to parts, hair placement, roller and rod placement.
Term
Curl
Definition
Circle or circles made with the hair.  Only two possible directions. "C" and "CC".
Term
Current Style
Definition
What is accepted and worn at the present time.  Trend setters.
Term
Density
Definition
The number of hairs per square inch on the head.
Term
Depth of a Top Section
Definition
Amount of hair from the forehead hairline to an imaginary vertical line behind each ear.
Term
Depth of a Side Section
Definition
The amount of hair from the side front hairline to an imaginary vertical line behind each ear.
Term
Elasticity
Definition
The ability of the hair to stretch and return to original state.  If there is no elasticity, there is no body or life to the hair.
Term
Finish
Definition
To achieve the desired effect or to remedy imperfections, the final phase of a combout.
Term
Growth Direction
Definition
A continuation of the angle that the hair root is imbedded in the scalp.  The direction the hair grows from the scalp.  Taking a close look at the eyebrow is a good example of varied growth direction.
Term
Hair Direction
Definition
The direction of the combout, the direction of the flow of the hair in the final combout.
Term
Horizontal
Definition
"Level" line across.  Perpendicular to vertical.  Following the horizon.  One of three lines used with hair design in relation to parts, design of the hair ends, roller, rod, brush placement, etc.
Term
Nape Section
Definition
The lower one third at the back of the head.
Term
Over Directed
Definition
In excess of normal direction.
Term
Parallel
Definition
Two lines (straight or curved) moving in the same direction with an equal distance apart at any given point.  Used when keeping parts uniform and with various construction techniques.
Term
Part
Definition
A dividing line, dividing the hair at the scalp.  A line drawn in the hair with a comb.  The result of your combing will design a part on the scalp.
Term
Section Parts
Definition
Parts used to divide the hair into sections.  There are five sections of the head: crown, nape, left side, right side, and top.
Term
Working Parts
Definition
Parts used during the application of hair services.
Term
Perpendicular
Definition
A line or directions at a 90 degree angle or straight out from the scalp, base or surface.  A 90 degree angle is also referred to as a right angle, which will determine a quadrant or one fourth of a circle.
Term
Place
Definition
To arrange the hair or the placement of the hair into a design.
Term
Porosity
Definition
The ability of the hair to absorb and retain moisture.
Term
Proportion
Definition
Comparative relation as to size.
Term
Quadrants
Definition
Division of a complete circle into four equal parts.  If the head were envisioned as a sphere, the cosmetologist may divide the head into quadrants to perform various services, each quadrant is 90 degrees or a quadrant.
Term
Relax
Definition
To make looser or less firm: to soften or make less rigid; to reduce the strength or resistance; to release or slacken firmness.
Term
Resistance
Definition
The act of retarding or repelling; to oppose by resisting
Term
Ribboning
Definition
Flattening or spreading a strand of hair.
Term
Sections
Definition
One of the five areas of the entire head; top, left side, right side, crown, and nape.
Term
Setting
Definition
Controlling, arranging, and designing set hair.
Term
Shaping
Definition
An arc, less than a complete circle.  Perparatory step for pincurling and fingerwaving.  May be either "C" or "CC".
Term
Side Height
Definition
The hair from the end of the side burn up to the point where vertical and horizontal bone structure meet.
Term
Silhouette
Definition
An outline or outer dimension, also referred to as shape, size or form of an object.
Term
Skill
Definition
The acquisition of an ability, the master of technique.
Term
Split
Definition
An unplanned, undesirable, uncontrollable separation of hair, usually to the scalp.
Term
Spiral
Definition
A method of rolling or winding the hair.  Each circumference is placed next to the previous one.  Winding from the scalp to the ends.
Term
Strand
Definition
A small unit of hair.
Term
Style Part
Definition
 A part in the hair made purposely to complete a style.  Visible in the finished style.
Term
Texture of Design
Definition
The roughness or smoothness of the detail within a style.
Term
Total Bulk Removal
Definition
Process of removing all excess thickness from the hair.
Term
Under Directed
Definition
Less than that of normal direction.
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