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Basic Science- Action Potentials
MSK week 1
14
Medical
Graduate
08/24/2018

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Cards

Term
What are the 3 possible conformations of a voltage-gated Na channel?
Definition
Closed, open, inactivated
Term
How does pufferfish toxin (TTX) affect action potentials?
Definition
Blocks VG-Na channels
Term
How do the drugs 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and TEA affect action potentials?
Definition
Block VG-K channels
Term
How fast can AP transmit down an unmyelinated axon?
Definition
10m/s
Term
What type of cells form myelin?
Definition
Glial cells
Term
What are the two subtypes of glial cells?
Definition
Oligodendrocytes- in CNS
Schwann cells- in PNS
Term
How fast can an AP transmit down a myelinated axon?
Definition
150m/s
Term
What 2 diseases attack glial cells?
Definition
MS- attacks oligodendrocytes
Guillain-Barre- attacks Schwann cells
Term
What is a motor unit?
Definition
Motor neuron and all the muscle cells it innervates
Term
What type of drug are sarin and neostigmine?
Definition
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Term
Why is curare toxic?
Definition
Blocks acetylcholine receptors on muscle -> flaccid paralysis
Term
How do botulism toxins work?
Definition
Block presynaptic release of Ach
Term
What does hemicholinum do?
Definition
Blocks choline reuptake
Term
What does latrotoxin (black widow venom) do?
Definition
Causes immediate release of all Ach at once -> seizure/spasm followed by flaccid paralysis
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