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Basic Nutrition - Chapter 1 - Weber
"The Food on Your Plate"
38
Health Care
Undergraduate 1
09/15/2010

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Cards

Term
What are the 3 types of nutrients?
Definition
1) Fat/Lipids
2) Protein
3) Carbohydrates
Term
What sciences does nutrition include?
Definition
1) Food Science
2) Biochemistry
3) Physiology
Term
What is “Diet?”
Definition
“The sum of all things an individual typically eats in a day”
Term
What are nutrients?
Definition
Substances that the body needs for energy, growth & development
Term
What are nutrients in comparision to a non-nutrient?
Definition
Body cannot make nutritents in sufficient amounts, must be included in one’s diet while a non-nutrient is something your body can make in sufficient amounts.
Term
What are macronutrients?
Definition
Nutrients required in large amounts, such as lots of grams.
Term
What are micronutrients?
Definition
Nutrients required in small amounts.
Term
What is an example of macronutrients?
Definition
Protein, Fats or Lipids, Water and CHOs
Term
What is an example of micronutrients?
Definition
Vitamins and Minerals
Term
What is a Kilocalorie?
Definition
Amount of energy needed to raise temperature of 1 kg of water 1 degree Celsius
Term
CHO
How many calories per gram?
Definition
4
Term
LIPIDS
How many calories per gram?
Definition
9
Term
PROTEIN
How many calories per gram?
Definition
4
Term
If a meal has 700 calories and is 50% carbohydrates, 30% fat and 20% protein, how many grams of each macronutrient does it contain?
Definition
87.5 grams of CHO
23.3 grams of Fats
Term
If a meal has 1000 grams and is 50% carbohydrates, 30% fat and 20% protein, how many how many calories of each macronutrient does it contain?
Definition
2000 calories of CHO
Term
What are some Non-Energy Nutrients?
Definition
Vitamins, Mineral, Water, Alcohol, and Phytochemicals
Term
What are the factors affecting food selection?
Definition
1) Environment
2) Culture & Tradition
3) Likes & Dislikes
4) Family
5) Finances
6) Convenience
7) Media
8) Age
9) Health Issues
Term
What is an Organic Food?
Definition
Food grown without using specific pesticides, herbicides or other synthetic products listed under USDA organic Standards

Meats, poultry and eggs come from animals that are not given hormones or antibiotics
Term
What does it mean if the label says Organic?
Definition
Means a minimum of 95% of ingredients are organic
Term
What does it mean if the label says 100% Organic?
Definition
Means all ingredients are organic.
Term
What does it mean if the label says made with organic ingredients?
Definition
70% to 94% of the product is organic. USDA logo cannot be on package.
Term
What does it mean if the label says Ingredient Panel Only?
Definition
Means the food has less than 70% organic ingredients. "Organic" can only be used on the ingredient panel.
Term
What is a GMO?
Definition
Foods whose DNA has been altered to bring about a desired trait
May be found in 70-75% of all processed foods
Term
Who regulates GMOs?
Definition
FDA
USDA
EPA
Term
What was the American Diet before 1975?
Definition
12% Protein – 40% fat – 48% carbs
Term
What is the American Diet now?
Definition
16% kcal from protein, 50% carbs, 33% fats
Term
What are the recommended modifications for the current american diet?
Definition
Decrease fat intake
Increase complex CHO
Decrease sugar
Equal amounts of
polyunsaturated,
monounsaturated &
saturated fats
Term
What is the WIC?
Definition
Special Supplemental Nutritional Program for Women Infants and Children
Term
What is the EFNEP?
Definition
Expanded Food & Nutrition Education Program
Term
What are the two types of Malnutrition?
Definition
Undernutrition and Overnutrition
Term
Causes of Malnutrition?
Definition
Non-Biological Factors:
Poverty, Education, Food Supply, Population, Densities, Gender Inequalities

High Risk Groups
Asia & Sub-Saharan Africa, Childbearing females, Children & Infants
Term
What are the societal causes of Malnutrition?
Definition
Limited Access to Food
Roads & Transportation
Food Storage
Political Corruption
War
Overpopulation
Term
What special diets have been developed?
Definition
Protein shakes for cancer patients
Clear diet post surgery
Diabetics & CHO intake
Term
What is Epidemiology?
Definition
Study of how disease rates vary among different populations

Role of diets and their relation to outcomes
Term
What is Epidemiology?
Definition
Study of how disease rates vary among different populations

Role of diets and their relation to outcomes
Term
Who was the first to perform nutritional experiments?
Definition
James Lind with Scurvy
Term
What are some good sources for reliable nutrition?
Definition
PhD Nutrition or RD
Peer-Reviewed journals
Well-controlled studies
Term
What is your WID?
Definition
872322143
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