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Basic Earth composition
test review
17
Geology
8th Grade
03/12/2007

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Term
texture
Definition
rock quality that is based on the sizes, shapes and positions of the rock minerals
Term
tectonic plate
Definition
moving block of the lithosphere that helps to explain earth's geologic past
Term
sedimentary rock
Definition
rock made up of ssediments
Term
igneous rock
Definition
rock formed from cooling of lava or magma
Term
metamorphic rock
Definition
rock that has changed from one type of rock to another based on extreme heat and or pressure
Term
fossil
Definition
the remains or evidence of past life that has been preserved inrock or tother substances
Term
index fossil
Definition
fossil that is found in the rock layers of only one geologic age
Term
humus
Definition
composition of minerals and black organic material that will decay into soil
Term
relative dating
Definition
any method of determining whether an event or object is older or younger than other events or objects
Term
absolute dating
Definition
any method of measuring the actual age of an event or an object in years
Term
composition
Definition
the chemical makeup of a rock; describes either the minerals or other materials in the rock
Term
Alfred Wegner
Definition
German scientist who proposed the theory that continents have drifted into their present locations
Term
James Hutton
Definition
Considered the father of mondern geology
Term
Harry Hess
Definition
he used sea floor spreading data in the 1960's to explain how the gaint tectonic plates move
Term
uplift
Definition
movement within the earth that causes rocks inside the earth to be moved to the earth's surface. It amy happen from weatherin or erosion or then deposition begins
Term
deposition
Definition
the process in which material is laid down at the end of erosion
Term
superposition
Definition
the principle that states that younger layers of rock are found on top of older rodk in any undisturbed horizontal layering of rock
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