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Definition
| A negatively charged ion with a noble gas configuration, such as CL-, O2-, of S2- |
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| A pair of electrons shared between two atoms |
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Definition
| A positively charged ion iwth a noble gas configuration, such as Na+, Mg2+, or Al3+ |
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Definition
| A combination of atoms in which noble gas arrangements are attained through electron transfer |
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Definition
| A sharing of valence electrons by atoms |
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| A combination of atoms in which noble has arrangements are attained by electron sharing. |
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| The group of symbols representing the elemtns in a compound with subscripts for the number of each |
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Definition
| An atom or group of atoms having an electrical charge because of a loss or gain of electrons |
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Definition
| The attraction between oppositely charged ions |
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Definition
| The difference between the number of protons (positive) and the number of electrons (negative), written in the opper right corner of the symbol of the ion |
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Definition
| A compound of positive and negative ions held together by ionic bonds |
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Definition
| Electrons in a molecule that are not shared in a bond, but complete the octet for an element |
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Definition
| Representative elements react wtih other elements to produce a noble has configuration with 8 valence electrons |
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Definition
| A group of atoms that has an electrical charge |
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Term
| Naming Covalent Compounds |
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Definition
first element + ide with prefixes if more than one molecule.
i.e.:
CO
Carbon Monoxide
P2O5
DiPhosphorous Pentoxide
Exceptions:
h20: Water
NH3: Ammonia
CH4: Methane |
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Term
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Definition
1 mono (only used for oxygen)
2 di
3 tri
4 tetra
5 penta
6 hexa
7 hepta
8 octa |
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Term
| atomic sublevels/orbitals |
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Definition
S,P,D,F
Smart People Don't Fail
S. B. D. F.
Smart Boys Don't Fail |
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Definition
AM, AC, CY,HY,CA,CH,CH,N,N,P,P,S,S,HC,HP,DP
Am ACually CrYing HairY CAd 2 catches 2 nights 2 parties 2 studs, He Cared? He Pretended... DumP! |
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Term
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Definition
A nonmetal ion is named by changing the end if it's name to ide.
Cl, gains an electron, has a Negative charge, chloride |
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Term
| Ion electron arrangements |
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Definition
Positive and Negative Ions have the same electron arrangement as the nearest noble gases.
1a, 2a, and 3, (Al only), take form of noble gases to the left.
5a (N3-, P3-)m 6A (02-, S2-), 7a take octet arrangement of noble gas to its right. |
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Term
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Definition
Positive metal ions are named by its element name.
Mg2+ is the magnesium ion. |
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Term
| Ionic Compounds balancing |
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Definition
The sum of the ionic charges in the formula of ionic compounds is always zero.
NaCl
1 +NA, and 1 - CL
Ionic charges do not appear in the formula of the compound
Mg loses 2 e, 2 Cl molecules each gain 1 e. MgCl2
In an ionic formula, the positive ion is written first, followed by the negative ion |
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| Metals that form more than 1 positive ion |
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Definition
Write them with roman numerals.
The transition metals in 3-12 and the metals in group 41 and 5a.
However, zinc, cadmium, and silver are fixed like 1a and 2a and 3a metals. Can just write their names when naming their ionic compounds.
When a roman numeral in parentheses is included, the selection of the right Roman numeral depends upon the charge of the metal in the formula.
Again these must equal zero in total balance. |
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Term
| polyatomic ions- writing formulas |
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Definition
Total neg and pos. charges must equal zero.
WHen balancing charges, the ion is the first one in the arrangement: Co3. C is ion. No3. N is ion.
Mg2 + NO3-.
Two Nitrate ions are needed to balance.
Mg(No3)2
In Na+ and So42, The Sodium and sulfate ions are held together by ionic bonds. |
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Term
| Naming polyatomic ions: prefixes and after-ixes |
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Definition
Ate ending is the most common name for polyatomic anions.
Ite ending is used for names of related ions that have one less O atom.
THe OH-, Hydroxide ion, and the CN-, the cyanide ion are exceptions.
SO4 is sulfate
S03 is sulfite
Elements in 7a, halogens, can form more than 2 types of polyatomic anions. Prefixes are added to the names and the ending is changed.
Per is used for the polyatomic ion with 1 more O atom than the ate form of the polyatomic ion.
The ending ate is changed to ite for the ion with one less O
Hypo prefix is used for the polyatomic ion with one less O than the ite form. |
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