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Basic Aerodynamics
Terms and Definitions
30
Aviation
Not Applicable
02/03/2010

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Term
Aircraft
Definition
is a device that is used or intended to be used for flight. Categories of aircraft are airplane, rotorcraft, lighter than air, power lift and glider
Term
Airplane
Definition
is an engine driven fixed wing aircraft heavier than air that is supported in flight by the dynamic reaction of air against it's wings
Term
Ground Instructor
Definition
Lois and Al Hewitt
Term
Aft section of an airplane
Definition
Empennage
Term
Parts of the aft section of an airplane
Definition
Vertical stabilizer, horizontal stabilizer, rudder, trim tabs, elevator
Term
Parts of Mid Section of an Airplane
Definition
Fuselage and Wings
Term
Parts/Sections of a wing
Definition
The wing is divided into 2 parts the half closest to the fuselage is the FLAPS and the section towards the end of the wing is the Aileron
Term
Name the parts at the Fore section of the plane
Definition
Cowling, power plant, propellers
Term
Airfoil
Definition
Structure or body which produce useful reaction to air movement. Contains a leading edge, a trailing edge and a chord line.
Term
Camber
Definition
is the curvature of the airfoil. Upper camber is the upper wing surface. Lower camber is the lower wing surface.
Term
Types of Airfoils
Definition
Propeller, Wing, Helicopter blades
Term
Chord Line
Definition
Is the imaginary line from the leading edge to the trailing edge of an airfoil. Changing the shape of the wing changes the chord line
Term
Relative Wind
Definition
Wind felt by an airfoil. Movement of air past an air foil. Motion of an airfoil through the air. by a combination of the two. Parallel and in the opposite direction to the flight path
Term
Airspeed
Definition
is the velocity of the airplane relative to the air mass through which it's flying.
Term
Angle of attack
Definition
Is the angle between the chord line and the relative wind. Pilot can vary the angle of attack. Aircraft affect the angle of attack
Term
Angle of Incidence
Definition
Angle at which the wing is attached to the aircraft fuselage. Pilot has no influence over the angle of incidence
Term
What are the Axis' of Rotation
Definition
Lateral axis, Longitudinal Axis, Vertical Axis
Term
Lateral Axis
Definition
Is an imaginary line from wing tip to wing tip. Rotation around this axis is called pitch. Controlled by the elevators. Longitudinal control and stability
Term
Longitudinal Axis
Definition
An imaginary line from the nose to the tail. Rotation around this axis is called Roll. Longitudinal axis is controlled by the ailerons. It give lateral control and stability
Term
Vertical Axis
Definition
An imaginary line extending vertically through the intersection of the lateral and longitudinal axes. Rotation around the axis is called Yaw. Controlled by the rudder. Directional control and stability
Term
Pitch
Definition
Rotation of the lateral axis
Term
roll
Definition
Rotation of the longitudinal axis
Term
Yaw
Definition
Rotation of the vertical axis
Term
Center of Gravity
Definition
Is the balance point of the plane. Point where all the weight is concentrated. Point where all axis intersect. Point where all controls rotate around
Term
Air
Definition
Is a gas/Mass and Weight/Has density:affected by volume, temperature, atmospheric pressure, Humidity/Able to flow and change shape/Has velocity/Compressed or expanded/Has body :Therefore subjected to scientific laws
Term
Bernoulli's Principle
Definition
Air increased in velocity will decrease in pressure: energy is used up as the molecules accelerate leaving less energy to exert pressure and the pressure thus decreases. One way to describe this decrease in pressure is to call it a differential pressure. Based on Bernoulli's law of pressure differential
Term
Magnus Effect
Definition
The difference in surface velocity accounts for a difference in pressure with the pressure being lower on the top than the bottom. This low pressure area produces and upward force known as the Magnus effect
Term
Newtons First Law
Definition
A body at rest tends to stay at rest and a body in motion tends to remain moving at the same speed and in the same direction
Term
Newtons Second Law
Definition
when a body is acted upon by a constant force it's resulting acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass of the body and is directly proportional to the applied force.
Term
Newtons Third Law
Definition
Whenever one body exerts a force on another, the second body always exerts on the first a force that is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction
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