Term
| What group of drugs does Diazepam belong to and what is it used for (4)? |
|
Definition
-Benzodiazepines
-short term anxiety, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant, and as an anesthetic in short surgical procedures |
|
|
Term
| What group of drugs does Chlordiazepoxide belong to and what is it used for (1)? |
|
Definition
-Benzodiazepines
- Anxiety |
|
|
Term
| What group of drugs does Clorazepate belong to and what is it used for (2)? |
|
Definition
-Benzodiazepines
-Anxiety, anticonvulsant |
|
|
Term
| What group of drugs does Aprazolom belong to and what is it used for (1)? |
|
Definition
-Benzodiazepines
-Short term anxiety |
|
|
Term
| What group of drugs does Lorazepam belong to and what is it used for (1)? |
|
Definition
-Benzodiazepines
-Sedation |
|
|
Term
| What group of drugs does Zolpidem belong to and what is it used for (1)? |
|
Definition
-Benzodiazepines
-Sedation |
|
|
Term
| What group of drugs does Triazolam belong to and what is it used for (1)? |
|
Definition
-Benzodiazepines
-Sedation |
|
|
Term
| What group of drugs does Clonazepam belong to and what is it used for (1)? |
|
Definition
-Benzodiazepines
- Anticonvulsant |
|
|
Term
| What group of drugs does Midazolam belong to and what is it used for (1)? |
|
Definition
-Benzodiazepines
- Anesthetic for short surgical procedures |
|
|
Term
| What is the mechanism of action of Benzodiazepines? |
|
Definition
| They potentiate the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. |
|
|
Term
| What are 3 advantages of Benzodiazepines? |
|
Definition
-Wider safety margin than barbiturates
-Do not suppress REM sleep
-Cause less physical and psychological dependance than Barbituates |
|
|
Term
| What are Benzodiazepines used for (5)? |
|
Definition
-Short term and chronic anxiety
-Sedation
-Anesthetics (short surgical procedures)
-Anticonvulsants
-Muscle Relaxants |
|
|
Term
| What are the ADRs of Benzodiazepines (12)? |
|
Definition
-Decreased mental alertness
-Drowsiness
-Sedation
-"Morning hangover"
-Headache
-Dizziness
-Orthostatic hypotension
-Respiratory depression
-Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
-Rash, itching
-Blurred vision
-Tolerance and dependance |
|
|
Term
| What are the counter indications of Benzodiazepines (4)? |
|
Definition
-Respiratory depression
-Narrow-angle glaucoma
-Hypersensitivity
-Pregnancy, lactation |
|
|
Term
| What are the patient teaching guidelines of Benzodiazepines (15)? |
|
Definition
-These drugs only relieve symptoms temporarily, they do not solve underlying problems
-Nondrug measures should be used to promote relaxation
-Avoid causes of anxiety or insomnia
-Risk of dependance
-Do not perform tasks that require alertness
-Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants
-Store drugs safely
-Do not share drugs
-Do not increase dosage
-Do not stop taking drugs abruptly
-Don't take everyday, they will lose effectiveness
-Follow instructions carefully
-Take sleeping pills before going to bed
-Omit dosage if excessive drowsiness occurs
-Take with full glass of water and meals/snacks |
|
|
Term
| What are the principles of therapy of Benzodiazepines (4)? |
|
Definition
-Antianxiety drugs are not for everyday stress or anxiety
-Not for long term use
-Should be given for shortest effective period to decrease likelihood of abuse or dependance
-Dosage must be individualized and titrated carefully to prevent withdrawal |
|
|
Term
| What is Flumazenil used for (3) and how does it work? |
|
Definition
(Benzodiazepine antagonist)
-Reverses sedative effects
-Used in case of OD
-Used following general surgery
-Blocks Benzodiazepine receptor |
|
|
Term
| What are the SEs of Flumazenil (7)? |
|
Definition
-Dizziness
-Agitation
-Confusion
-Nausea
-Vomiting
-Hiccups
-Precipitation of convulsions/seizures |
|
|
Term
| What group of drugs does Amobarbital belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What group of drugs does Butabarbital belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What group of drugs does Pentobarbital belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What group of drugs does Phenobarbital belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What group of drugs does Secobarbital belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What group of drugs does Mephobarbital belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are Barbituates used for/as (3)? |
|
Definition
-Sedative/hypnotic (insomnia)
-Anesthetics (sedation before general anesthesia)
-Anticonvulsants (treating epilepsy and seizures) |
|
|
Term
| What is the mechanism of action of Barbituates? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the ADRs of Barbituates (10)? |
|
Definition
-CNS depression (OD=death)
-Confusion
-Irritability
-Drowsiness (or paradoxical excitement)
-Nausea
-Vomiting
-Allergic reactions
-Blood dyscrasias
-Hepatic and renal damage
-Tolerance and dependance |
|
|
Term
| What are the counter indications of Barbiturates (5)? |
|
Definition
-Porphyria
-Severe hepatic, renal, or respiratory dysfunction
-Previous addiction to sedative-hypnotics
-Pregnancy, lactating
-Hypersensitivity |
|
|
Term
| Name a drug used for anxiety that is not a Barbiturate or Benzodiazepine. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name drugs used for insomnia that are not Barbiturates or Benzodiazepines (2). |
|
Definition
|
|
