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Bales
Trigeminal Anatomy
27
Medical
Graduate
03/10/2011

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Term
name the sensory nuclei of the trigeminal tract
Definition
spinal trigeminal nucleus, chief sensory nucleus and mesencephalic nucleus
Term
chief sensory nucleus
Definition
mid-rostral pons; lies next to trigeminal motor nucleus and is just inferior to superior cerebellar peduncle
Term
mesencephalic nucleus
Definition
transverses the length of the midbrain, dorsolateral to the PAG; cell bodies of 1st order neurons
Term
what kind of neurons does the mesencephalic nucleus have and what is their functional modality?
Definition
pseudounipolar; conscious and unconscious proprioception; including reflexes to trigeminal motor nucleus; projection to chief sensory nucleus for proprioception; and projections to the cerebellum
Term
name the nerves that are tested by the jaw jerk reflex and describe the pathway.
Definition
mesencephalic nucleus; the jaw jerk reflex tests the integrity of the mandibular and trigeminal nerves as well as the cranial nerve nuclei and pathways involved.
Term
does the mesencephalic nucleus only get information from trigeminal fibers?
Definition
No, it also gets info from external resources, helping regulate orofacial movements
Term
jaw position, bite force, etc. are examples of what modality? describe the pathway
Definition
proprioception; mesencephalic fibers --> TMN or CSN or cerebellum
Term
describe the pathway for discriminative touch
Definition
1st order --> chief sensory nucleus and synapse --> 2nd order fibers become ventral trigeminalthalamic tract and go to VPM --> 3rd order fibers to post-central gyrus via PLIC and corona radiata
Term
trigeminal lemniscus
Definition
VTT
Term
where does the VTT synapse?
Definition
IN the VPM nucleus, or ventral posterior medial nucleus in the thalamus
Term
describe the pathway of primary sensory pain and temperature fibers.
Definition
in through pons and medulla to spinal trigeminal nucleus (7,9,10 also have some pain/temp fibers traveling through this nucleus)
Term
pain and temperature fibers for the central face are represented in what part of the spinal trigeminal nucleus?
Definition
rostral part
Term
p/t fibers from peripheral face are represented in what part of the spinal trigeminal nucleus?
Definition
caudal
Term
what is the spatial relatinoship of V3 V2 and V1 in spinal trigeminal tract?
Definition
dorsal to ventral
Term
dorsal ventral somatotopy overlies caudal dorsal somatotopy in STT, can you draw a picture of this?
Definition
do it!
Term
trigeminal tractotomy is easy in what way? what is it used for?
Definition
STT is fairly approachable between the inferior olive and middle cerebellar peduncle. Trigeminal tractotomy is one approach to facial pain.
Term
descending fibers from five to seven system probably utilize what pathway?
Definition
Medial longitudinal fasciculus
Term
corneal reflex; describe pathway
Definition
free nerve endings in cornea; synapse in Chief Sensory Nucleus; fibers are hard wired to facial nucleus and stimulate axons to orbicularis occuli
Term
How is the blink reflex different if it is stimulated by nociception? What affect will large stimulus have on the blink reflex?
Definition
it will utuilize the spinal trigeminal tract; a larger stimulus will involve the orbital part of the orbicularis occuli.
Term
focal tegmental midbrain lesion can include
Definition
contralateral loss of pain/temp from the face
Term
what three pathways travel to the ventral posterior thalamus
Definition
ALS, DC-ML and VTT
Term
somatosensory
Definition
3 neuron chains for all of it; 1st order neurons usually synapse in ganglia, 2nd order neurons usually decussate, and 3rd order neurons are located in ventral posterior thalamus
Term
lesions of spinal trigeminal nucleus and tract
Definition
ipsilateral analgesia and thermoanesthesia
Term
lesion of VTT, VPM, PLIC,or PCG will lead to what?
Definition
it will lead to contralateral analgesia and anesthesia
Term
Wallenburg or lateral medullary syndrome
Definition
large lesion of the dorsolateral medulla that causes ipsilateral loss of pain and temperature from face and crontralateral loss of pain and temperature from trunk and limbs
Term
mesencephalic reflexes are unilateral or bilateral?
Definition
bilateral
Term
where does the VTT run?
Definition
adjacent and dorsal to the medial lemniscus
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