Term
| brachial facial paralysis |
|
Definition
| arm and hand are adjacent so MCA infarct will result in combined paralysis |
|
|
Term
| corona radiata and internal capsule, crus cerebri (common when?) |
|
Definition
| fibers for upper and lower body run together, a lesion here can result in lower limb and facial paralysis, brainstem |
|
|
Term
| UMN lesions in corona, PLIC, Crus |
|
Definition
contralateral mouth droops and dribble, contralateral uvuala toward lesion, good genioglossus pushes tongue away
contralateral hemiplegia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adds contralateral hemiplagia of limbs; CST and CNT often course together above brainstem |
|
|
Term
functional loss in bilateral systems
bilateral supranuclear UMN lesions |
|
Definition
requires bilateral lesions
mimic LMN lesions |
|
|
Term
| what cranial nn. have fascicles close to CST fibers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lesions which involve both CST and one or more cranial nerve fibers have characteristic features |
|
Definition
| contralateral limb paralysis and ipsilateral hemiplagia of the head (alternating hemiplagia) |
|
|
Term
| medial medullary syndrome |
|
Definition
| XII; anterior spinal arteries |
|
|
Term
| paramedian pontine syndrome |
|
Definition
| VI; paramedian br of basilar a |
|
|
Term
| cerebral peduncle syndrome |
|
Definition
| III; paramedian br of basilar a |
|
|
Term
| muscles effected in pseudobulbar palsy |
|
Definition
- mastication mm. - can't chew; jaw jerk reflex exaggerated
- face mm.:- flat affect (mask-like face)
- palate mm. - can't close soft palate during swallowing, leads to regurgitation (dysphagia)
- exaggerated gag reflex
- phayrngeal mm. - difficulty swallowing
- tongue mm. – immobile tongue lies in floor of oral cavity, can't protrude
- laryngeal mm. - dysarthria |
|
|
Term
| what is pseudobulbar palsy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| muscles that receive contralateral UMN innervation |
|
Definition
| uvula, tongue muscles, lower face muscles |
|
|
Term
| possible causes of pseudobulbar palsy |
|
Definition
tumor, encephalitis,
multiple hemorrhages, thrombosis, emboli, multiple sclerosis (MS), multifocal metastases |
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