Term
| 4 ways in which bacteria exchange genetic material |
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Definition
1. transformation
2. transduction
3. conjugation
4. transposon insertion |
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Term
| What is "transformation"? |
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Definition
| bacterial cell lysis --> DNA to another bacterial cell --> the recipient bacterial cell takes up the DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| Bacteriophage (a virus that infects bacteria) inserts a piece of bacterial DNA to another bacterium |
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Term
| How are "temperate" phages different from "virulent" phages? |
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Definition
| Temperate phages' DNA is incorporated into host bacteria's chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| the integrated temperate phage genome in the bacterial genome |
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Term
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Definition
| Bacteria that have a prophage integrated into their chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| Ability of an integrated bacteriophage (prophage) to block a subsequent infection by a similar bacteriophage. |
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Term
virulent phages --> ________ transduction
temperate phages --> ________ transduction |
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Definition
virulent: generalized transduction
temperate: specialized transduction |
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Term
| how does "conjugation" work? |
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Definition
* self-transmissible plasmid (F plasmid) is transferred through sex pilus to F(-) bacteria
* F(-) bacteria become F(+) bacteria
* major mechanism for transfer of antibiotic resistance |
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Term
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Definition
| a bacterial cell in which F plasmid is incorporated into bacterial genome |
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Term
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Definition
* pieces of DNA that insert themselves into donor chromosome w/o having DNA homology.
* Carry genes for antibiotic resistance and virulence factors.
* donor chromosome examples: of bacteriophage, plasmids, bacterial chromosome |
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