Term
Salivary Glands
(defenses of the digestive system) |
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Definition
secrete buffered neutral pH
protects teeth
contains lysozyme
attacks bacterial peptidoglycan |
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Term
Kupffer Cells
(defenses of the digestive system) |
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Definition
kills bacteria entering portal vein from the bowel
liver |
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Term
Stomach
(defenses of the digestive system) |
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Definition
| low acidity <4.0 kills many microorganisms |
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Term
Colon
(defenses of the digestive system) |
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Definition
10^11 microorganisms per gram of feces
normal flora
unfavorable for exogenous bacteria |
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Term
Streptococcus mutans
(defenses compromised) |
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Definition
heart disease
decreased saliva production=dental decay |
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Term
Clostridium difficile
(defenses compromised) |
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Definition
pseudomembrane colitis
antibiotics alter normal flora of colon
+antibiotic resistant bacteria |
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Term
Liver
(defense compromised) |
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Definition
| bacteria in hepatic portal vein enter peritoneum |
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Term
Intoxication
(food poisoning) |
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Definition
ingestion of toxin produced by pathogen
shorter incubation time
may involve other organs besides GI tract
-Botulism affects CNS
Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus |
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Term
Infection
(food poisoning) |
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Definition
direct infection with pathogen
Salmonella, Shigella, Hepatitis A |
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Term
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Definition
90% nosocomial GI infections
mild diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis
colitis after or during antibiotic treatment |
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Term
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Definition
renal failure, hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome
food borne,contamination of agricultural products
contaminated hand to mouth
+flagella |
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Term
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Definition
gram-negative rods
E. coli, salmonella, shigella
lower GI tract - some part of normal flora minus salmonella and shigella |
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Term
Enterobacteriaceae
(antigenics) |
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Definition
Lipopolysaccharide - O antigen
Capsule- K antigen
Flagella of motile strains- H antigens |
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Term
Enterobacteriaceae
(virulence factors) |
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Definition
cytotoxins-kill cells
enterotoxins(inject electrolytes/water into host cell)
pathogenicity islands, plasmids
contact secretion system |
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Term
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Definition
fimbriae-attachment
enterotoxin
traveler's diarrhea |
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Term
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Definition
rearrange cytoskeleton proteins
lesions=electrolyte imbalance
diarrhea, inflammation |
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Term
| Enterohemorrhagic E. coli |
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Definition
Shiga toxin
diarrhea
kidney failure, hemorrhagic colitis |
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Term
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Definition
adhesin proteins enter intestinal cells
cell wall damage of intestine
dysentery |
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Term
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Definition
resistant to acidity in stomach
2-10 days incubation
picornaviridae |
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Term
| Most common source of GI infection in developed world is... |
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Definition
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Term
| Causative agent for 80% of ulcers |
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Definition
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Term
| infection limited to gum tissue marginal surface |
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Definition
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Term
| dental plaque is an example of... |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is produced by E. coli? |
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Definition
pore-forming toxin
shiga toxin
heat-labile toxin
heat-stable toxin |
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Term
| transmission of travelers diarrhea occurs via |
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Definition
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Term
| bacillary dysentery is caused by |
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Definition
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Term
| Serotypes of Salmonella can be identified by... |
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Definition
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Term
| most important complication of typhoid fever is |
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Definition
| perforation of colon wall |
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Term
| cholera is characterized by |
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Definition
| colonization of entire intestinal tract |
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Term
| most of the normal microbial flora are found in the _____ of the digestive tract. |
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Definition
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Term
| poultry products are a likely source of infection by |
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Definition
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Term
| most GI infections are treated by |
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Definition
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