Term
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Definition
| substitutions involving one base pair |
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Term
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Definition
| A point mutation in a sequence of DNA that results in a premature stop codon. Usually makes the protein that is translated from the mRNA non-functional. |
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Term
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Definition
| A point mutation that changes a single nucleotide, resulting in a codon that codes for a different amino acid. |
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Term
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Definition
| Mutation caused by insertions or deletions of nucleotides that are not divisible by three. Because codons are triplets the insertion or deletion of nucleotides can change the reading frame, which can result in a different translation from the original. |
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Term
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Definition
- chemicals
- UV, ionizing radiation
- errors in DNA repair and replication
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Term
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Definition
Point mutations that give restoration to wild type phenotypes
- Same-site reversion- base pair mutates back to original genotype
- Second-site reversion- mutation at a different site restores a wild-type phenotype
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Term
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Definition
| New stretches of DNA are added (longer than a few base pairs). |
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Term
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Definition
| Segments of DNA are rearranged (move from one region of the genome to another region). |
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Term
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Definition
| Orientation of a segment of DNA is reversed. |
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Term
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Definition
| A mutant with a nutritional requirement for growth. It cannot produce its own organic molecules it needs to survive. It must obtain these from its environment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Used to determine the effects of potential mutagens by looking at Salmonella enterica. |
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Term
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Definition
| Uptake of DNA from the external environment. |
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