Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Bacteria Quiz
eubacteria characteristics, nomenclature of cyanobacteria
36
Biology
Undergraduate 2
02/07/2009

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are the three domains of living organisms?
Definition
Eubacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
Term
Which domain includes the methane gas producing bacteria?
Definition
archaea
Term
Name the characteristics that distinguish the prokaryotic organisms from eukaryotic?
Definition
prokaryotic do not contain membrane bound organelles, unicellular (form colonies) and are 1/10 the size of eukaryotes
Term
How does the prokaryotic DNA differ from the eukaryotic DNA?
Definition
Pro: single circle
Euk: DNA in chromosomes
Term
How much bigger are typical eukaryotic cells compared to prokaryotes?
Definition
10X bigger
Term
How does the flagella move in prokaryotes?
Definition
rotates
Term
What is the key difference between eubacteria and archaea?
Definition
The presence of a peptidoglycan in eubacteria's cell wall
Term
T/F: peptidoglycan is located inside the plasma membrane.
Definition
True: for some bacteria, the peptidoglycan is located in between the outermembrane and the phospholipid bilayer. This would be noted as a "thin layer"
Term
Describe "extremeophiles"
Definition
archaea bacteria love extreme conditions, they thrive in areas where not many organisms can.
Term
Halophilic archaeans are:
Definition
those that love salty conditions: great salt lake
Term
Which extremeophiles produce a "hue"?
Definition
halophiles
Term
What is the name of the protein that produces the "hue" in extremophiles that live in the Great Salt Lake (for ex.)
Definition
rhodopsin
Term
What is the name of the extremophile that loves extreme temperatures?
Definition
thermophiles
Term
What is a Gram stain used to detect?
Definition
The presence and thickness of the peptidoglycan
Term
When bacteria retain the purple-crystal color of the Gram stain, this means that the bacteria:
Definition
Has a thick layer of peptidoglycan and it is "Gram-positive"
Also that it is, in fact, a bacterium cell
Term
What color will a bacterium with a thin layer of peptidoglycan stain (when using the gram stain technique)?
Definition
Pink
Term
T/F: bacteria are considered heterotrophic.
Definition
True. Most bacteria need some other carbon source to live.
However, there are autotrophs that use sunlight.
Term
The important decomposing bacteria are referred to as:
Definition
chemoheterotrophs
Term
Cocci, spirilla, and bacilli refer to the ________ of bacteria.
Definition
Shape
Term
Cocci means that the bacteria is:
Definition
spherical
Term
spirilla means that the bacteria is:
Definition
spiral shaped
Term
Bacilli means that the bacteria is:
Definition
rod-shaped
Term
What is the element that is abundant in the atmosphere and needed by most organisms, but cannot be readily used by most plants?
Definition
Nitrogen
Term
What does Rhizobium do in the symbiotic relationship that is has with legume roots?
Definition
It is a nitrogen-fixer which converts N2 into NH3 which can be readily consumed by the plant.
Term
What is the process of converting N2 into NH3 called?
Definition
Nitrogen fixation
Term
In what aspect does the legume provide in the symbiotic relationship it has with the Rhizobium?
Definition
It provides sugars needed for photosynthesis.
Term
Where does the Rhizobium "live" in the legume plant?
Definition
On the root in nodules.
Term
Are cyanobacteria gram negative or gram positive?
Definition
Gram negative
Term
In cyanobacteria, what are the pigments referred to that enhance light absorption and aid in nitrogen storage?
Definition
phycobilins
Term
In which domain is simple RNA polymerase used?
Definition
domain eubacteria
Term
In which domain of organisms would rifamycin work and why?
Definition
the domain eubacteria because they use simple RNA polymerase and rifamycin blocks the synthesis of simple RNA polymerase
Term
Which type of bond is used for fatty acid attachment in the domain archaea?
Definition
ether bond
Term
An ester bond is used in which type of domain(s)?
Definition
eukarya and eubacteria
Term
Which domain is said to be the oldest?
Definition
archaea
Term
In what antibacterial treatment is bacteria made, but the cell wall is weakened?
Definition
pennicilin; it works by weakening the peptidoglycan from forming.
Term
What is the name of the segments of living cells in between dead cells in oscillatoria
Definition
Hormogonia
Supporting users have an ad free experience!