Term
| also known as Bacillus of Koch, acid fast, ziehl nielson staining |
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Definition
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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Term
| Predisposing factors which risk TB contamination |
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Definition
| physicians, hospital workers, AIDS patients, chronic lung disease |
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Term
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Definition
| inhalation, ingestion of food or milk, skin inoculation |
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Term
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Definition
| Type IV delayed, cell mediated |
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Term
| The test to determine tuberculo sensitivity |
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Definition
| mantoux reaction using PPD test |
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Term
| The basic pathologic lesion of TB is |
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Definition
| tubercle, which is an infective granuloma |
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Term
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Definition
| caseous necrosis and acid fast bacilli |
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Term
| Pericentral of TB tubercle |
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Definition
| pale epithelioid cells (giant langhans cells) |
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Term
| Peripheral of TB tubercle |
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Definition
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Term
| Does a granuloma form in immunocompromised patients |
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Definition
| no, tissue appear numerous histiocytes packed with bacillus of Koch |
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Term
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Definition
Lungs, but can affect other organs
Major cause of morbility and mortality in children and adults |
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Term
| Lesion found subpleural in middle zone of the lung in TB |
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Definition
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Term
| Enlarged and caseous lymph nodes in TB |
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Definition
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Term
| Hilar lymph nodes + Ghon focus = |
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Definition
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Term
| Shows patchy infiltrate, hilar adenopathy during TB |
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Definition
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Term
| Clinical course of primary TB |
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Definition
| may be asymptomatic, usually heals with fibrosis and calcification rarely progressive TB may occur |
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Term
| Infection in previously sensitized individuals which can be reactivated or reinfected with TB |
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Definition
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Term
| Spherical dense nodules or excavated cavitary lesions seen in chest x-ray during secondary TB |
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Definition
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Term
| sputum streaked with blood (secondary TB) |
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Definition
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Term
| Second TB can lead to two variable endings |
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Definition
Healing without cavitation- fibrous encapsulation with scar
Progressive and spreading to other areas |
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Term
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Definition
| Pleurisy, bronchial lumen and trachea to other parts of the lung, lymphatics to other area of lung or other organs, blood stream (miliary TB) |
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Term
| tuberculosis bronchopneumonia, diffuse spread rapidly throughout the lung |
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Definition
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Term
| Localized miliary TB in the lung by what route |
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Definition
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Term
| disseminated miliary TB via what route |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| yellow white consolidated foci, showing microscopically typical structure of the tubercle |
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Term
| Complications of secondary TB |
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Definition
| interstitial lung fibrosis and pachipleuritis |
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Term
| Cervical lymphadenitis of TB |
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Definition
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Term
| Chronic evolution of TB may induce |
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Definition
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Term
| Diagnosis of Tuberculosis |
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Definition
| ACID Fast, Biopsy of affected tissues, Tuberculin skin test |
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Term
| Infection s with atypical Mycobacteria give what results on a tuberculin reaction |
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Definition
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Term
| Low virulence bacteria, infection acquired after prolonged intimate contact, specific to humans and armadillos |
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Definition
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Term
| persons who fail to develop CMI (leprae), multiple tumor like nodules |
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Definition
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Term
| persons who manifest an effective immune cell response, granulomas formed in tissue (leprae). hypo-pigmented skin rash, large nerves become thickened cords. |
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Definition
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Term
| foamy macrophages with numerous bacilli, appear like micro infubators |
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Definition
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Term
| Microscopy of Tuberculoid leprosy |
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Definition
| epitheloid cells and Langhans giant cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Primary Stage syphilis clinical signs |
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Definition
| chancre, painless lymphadenopathy |
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Term
| Microscopy of primary syphilis |
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Definition
| ulcer covered with silver stain, infiltrate with plasma cells and lymphocytes and proliferative obliterative endarteritis |
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Term
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Definition
| 1-3 months after chancre, skin rash on palms and soles, malaise, pyrexia, anorexia, condylomata (genital warts) |
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Term
| Microscopy of secondary syphilis |
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Definition
| plasma cell infiltration, proliferative obliterative endarteritis |
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Term
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Definition
3-25 years after primary
Cardiac lesions (Mesaortitis), Neurosyphilis (argyll Robertson sign), Tabes dorsalis, Paretic neurosyphilis, gummatous necrosis of liver |
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Term
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Definition
| coagulative necrosis and epitheloid histiocytes, peripheral macrophages, plasma cells, and fibroblasts |
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Term
| Rhinitis, gummas of organse(saddle nose), saber shins, Hutchinson teeth, desquamative rash, pneumonia alba, keratitis, deafness through 8th cranial nerve |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Dark field examination (treponema visualization)
VDRL;RPR (NON-treponema visualization)
Immunohistochemistry
FTA-abs (MOST SPECIFIC) |
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Term
| Intensive antibiotic treatment for spirochetes, with massive release of endotoxin, producing danerous abrupt rise in temperature, leucopenia, hypotension |
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Definition
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Term
| Acute STD most common in tropics, and men using prostitute services. Outbreaks have been seen in USA but prevalent in lover socioeconomic areas |
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Definition
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Term
| H. ducreyi is common to cause.....in Africa and SE ASia |
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Definition
| genital ulcers, cofactor in HIV-1 |
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Term
| Tender, erythematous papule after 4-7 day inoculation, PAINFUL ulcer, yellow-gray exudate, buboes enlarged lymph nodes |
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Definition
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Term
| Bacteria microscopy shows superficial zone (neutrophilic debris and fibrin) underlying granulation tissue, with areas of necrosis and thrombosed vessels. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| cultures of the ulcer exudate |
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Term
| Sexually transmitted coccobacillus causing ulcerative diseaase |
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Definition
| Calymmatobacterium donovani |
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Term
| Papule on genitalia or pharynx; ulceration with protuberant, soft, painless mass |
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Definition
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Term
| Ulcer borders epithelial hyperplasia mimicking carcinoma. base is of inflammatory infiltrate |
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Definition
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Term
| Cells found with exudate giemsa stained smears (C. donovani) |
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Definition
| Donavan bodies in marcophages |
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Term
| Complications of C. donovani |
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Definition
extensive scarring,
lymphatic obstruction and lymphedema
external genitalia elephantiasis |
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Term
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Definition
| Smears (giemsa) or biopsies of ulcers |
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Term
| Normal flora in sites of the human body that have low oxygen levels. |
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Definition
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Term
| Anaerobic infections cause |
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Definition
| abcesses and peritonitis in sterile sites. |
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Term
| infection of the lateral pharynx and septic jugular vein thrombosis |
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Definition
| Lemierre syndrome of Fusobacterium necrophorum. |
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Term
| Causing ORAL and PHARYNGEAL head and neck abscesses |
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Definition
G - = Prevotella and Porphyromonas
G + = S. aureus and S. pyogenes |
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Term
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Definition
G - = Bacteroids fragilis, E coli
G + = Peptostreptococcus, Clostridium |
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Term
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Definition
| G - = Prevotella, E coli, S. agalactiae |
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Term
| G+ sporulating anaerobes, found in animal gut and soils. Produces powerful toxins and life threatening diseases |
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Definition
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Term
| Spore contamination of deep wounds, after surgery, abortion, IM injection |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Blocks gylcine transmitter in NM junction. The uninhibited motor response generate generalized muscle spasms |
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Term
| Clinical signs of C. tetani |
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Definition
Trismus- lock jaw
Opisthotonus- back aching
Risus sardonicus- sardonic smile |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Bacteria secrete a neurotoxin causing flaccid paralysis |
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Definition
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Term
| Main route of contamination of C. botulinum |
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Definition
| food contamination with spores or viable bacilli; also wound contamination |
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Term
| In adults and young C. botulinum causes |
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Definition
| descending paralysis from cranial nerves down |
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Term
| Floppy baby syndrome from canned honey also SIDS |
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Definition
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Term
| Diagnosis of C. botulinum |
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Definition
| Botulinum toxin in feces, blood, or food. |
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Term
| Septic Clostridial Infections |
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Definition
| C. perfringens and C. septicum |
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Term
| Found in compound bone fractures; bacteria produce myotoxin and induce spreading cellulitis, myonecrosis, bullous vesicles, marked edema, and gas bubbles in tissue |
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Definition
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Term
| Infectious Diarrhea who are receiving treatment with antibiotics. Watery and Bloody |
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Definition
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