Term
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic organism that, unlike bacteria, lacks a _________, and unlike viruses, does not need ____________. |
|
Definition
cell wall
host cell for replication |
|
|
Term
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae is stainable/non-stainable. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which non-staining bacteria is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes the prolonged paroxysmal cough seen in pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae? |
|
Definition
| inhibition of ciliary movement |
|
|
Term
| What do the specialized filamentous tips of Mycoplasma pneumoniae allow it to do? |
|
Definition
| burrow between cilia within the respiratory epithelium and cause sloughing of the the respiratory epithelial cells |
|
|
Term
| Rickettsia is stainable/non-stainable. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bacteria causes Rocky Mountain Spotted fever? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the smallest free living bacteria that is even smaller than the larger viruses? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| transmission of Mycoplasm pneumonia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bacteria causes "walking pneumonia?" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes a typical/atypical pneumonia. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are 4 potential causes of atypical pneumonia? |
|
Definition
virus
mycoplasma
chlamydia
rickettsia |
|
|
Term
| signs of atypical pneumonia |
|
Definition
non-productive cough
streaky lung infiltrates on CXR |
|
|
Term
| What is the diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae based on? |
|
Definition
| clinical presentation, not culture |
|
|
Term
| Ureaplasma urealyticum is a species of __________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ureaplasma urealyticum metabolizes ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can Ureaplasma urealyticum cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bacteria in normal flora in some healthy sexually active women but can cause urethritis and prostatitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What bacteria causes the following?
-strep throat
-scarlet fever
-streptococcal impetigo
-necrotizing fasciitis
-poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis
-poststreptococcal rheumatic fever |
|
Definition
Streptococcus pyogenes
(Group A strep) |
|
|
Term
| What bacteria is responsible for Legionnaires' pneumonia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| population for Streptococcus pyogenes pharyngitis (strep throat) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| population for Mycoplasma pneumoniae pharyngitis |
|
Definition
| older children and young adults |
|
|
Term
| population for Corynebacterium diphtheriae pharyngitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| population for Haemophilus influenzae epiglottis |
|
Definition
unimmunized (Hib) individuals
2-7 years |
|
|
Term
| population for Bordetella pertussis (whooping cough) |
|
Definition
unimmunized individuals
most are less than a year old, although older children may also get the disease |
|
|
Term
What bacteria can cause the following?
pneumonia
occult febrile bacteremia
meningitis
epiglottitis
septic arthritis
cellulitis
otitis media |
|
Definition
| Haemophilus influenzae type B |
|
|
Term
| What remains a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and children in underdeveloped countries? |
|
Definition
| Haemophilus influenzae type B |
|
|
Term
| transmission of Haemophilus influenzae type B |
|
Definition
| direct contact with respiratory droplets from nasopharyngeal carrier or case patient |
|
|
Term
| risk groups for H. influenzae type B |
|
Definition
-infants and young children
-household contacts
-day care classmates
-American Indian/Alaska native populations |
|
|
Term
| blood tinged, "currant jelly" sputum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| common causes of community-acquired typical pneumonia |
|
Definition
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae
Klebsiella pneumoniae |
|
|
Term
| most common cause of community-acquired typical pneumonia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| uncommon causes of community-acquired typical pneumonia |
|
Definition
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pyogenes
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Neisseria meningitidis |
|
|
Term
| What bacteria that can cause typical pneumonia is common in children with otitis media or patients with CF? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cough productive of rust-colored sputum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common cause of infective endocarditis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common pathogen of atypical pneumonia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bacteria is often seen in patients with cystic fibrosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Patients on respirators are more likely to develop pneumonia due to __________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of immune reaction is post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis? |
|
Definition
| type III hypersensitivity reaction |
|
|
Term
| Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis can follow infections of the ________ or ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pathogenesis of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis |
|
Definition
| deposition of antigen-antibody complexes |
|
|
Term
| Bordetella pertussis will have __________ whereas Haemophilus influenzae will have __________. |
|
Definition
| lymphocytosis; neutrophilia |
|
|
Term
| Pertussis vaccine immunity wanes after... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of pneumonia infections causes foul-smelling or bad-tasting sputum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common organism that causes cystitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| limits for pyelonephritis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What population is at the greatest risk for developing a UTI? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis |
|
Definition
-culture is negative
-no gram stain
-use genetic probes |
|
|
Term
| diagnosis of Neisseria gonorrheae |
|
Definition
-culture on selective media
-gram stain
-genetic probes |
|
|
Term
| diagnosis of Treponema pallidum |
|
Definition
-serology
-dark field examination (silver stain)
-no cultures
-no gram stain |
|
|
Term
| diagnosis of Haemophilus ducreyi |
|
Definition
-culture on selective media
-gram stain |
|
|
Term
| diagnosis of Gardnerella vaginalis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What STI causes a painful chancroid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common cause of genital ulcer disease (GUD) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What tests should also be preformed if chancroid (H. ducreyi) is suspected? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the gold standard for diagnosis of chancroid? |
|
Definition
| culture from the ulcerative genital lesion |
|
|
Term
| What bacteria causes bubonic plague? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _________ are the only hosts for Shigella. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What have been the most common food source linked to Salmonella enteritidis (SE)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bacteria mimics symptoms of acute appendicitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bacteria causes meningitis in a newborn after a long delivery and prolonged rupture of membranes and is a gram positive cocci? |
|
Definition
Streptococcus agalactiae
(Group B strep) |
|
|
Term
| What bacteria causes meningitis in a neonate and is a gram negative rod? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bacteria causes meningitis in a neonate and is a gram positive rod? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bacteria causes purulent meningitis in infants and adults (except neonates), has rapid onset, and is a gram positive cocci? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bacteria causes meningitis in infants 6 months-2 years and occurs because the child has not been vaccinated, and is a gram negative rod? |
|
Definition
| Haemophilus influenzae type B |
|
|
Term
| What bacteria causes meningitis in a college student or military recruit, can be an epidemic, and can affect any age? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes acute endocarditis of a native heart valve? |
|
Definition
Staphylococcus aureus
coagulase positive |
|
|
Term
| What causes acute endocarditis of a prosthetic heart valve? |
|
Definition
Staphylococcus epidermidis
coagulase negative |
|
|
Term
| What causes acute endocarditis in an IV drug user? |
|
Definition
Staphylococcus aureus
coagulase positive |
|
|
Term
| mechanism of injury in Rickettsia infection (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever) |
|
Definition
1. invasion into endothelial cells
2. proliferation within the cells
3. finally rupture causing vascular damage and thrombosis |
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