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| What organism is usedB for QC of autoclave sterilization? |
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Definition
| Bacillis sterothermophilus |
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| What organism is used for QC of oxide sterilization? |
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Definition
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| General characteristics of Bacillus spp |
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Definition
Large gram positive "boxcar shaped" bacilli
Obligate aerobes or facultative anaerobes
Found in soil, dust, water.
Considered a lab contaminant
NF of skin
Species ID is not necessary for clinical purposes (besides anthracis) |
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Term
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Definition
Disease of ruminants
Rarely seen in the US but endemic in Turkey, Iran and Pakistan |
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| How is Bacillus anthracis transmitted to humans? |
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Definition
Handling imported wool, goat hair and animal hides
Accidental inoculation (occupational hazard)
Self inoculation with animal vaccine in vet's office |
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Term
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Definition
Cutaneous
Pulmonintestinalary
Gastrointestinal |
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| Cutanous: Malignant pustule Anthrax |
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Definition
Most common form in the US
Organisms enter through skin abrasion and black eschar forms within 1-5 days. Slow healing and self-limiting but 80% heal spontaneously |
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| Pulmonary: Woolsorter's disease Anthrax |
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Definition
Spores are inhaled and then bacilli are found in large numbers in sputum.
80%-100% fatal |
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Definition
| Severe and rare form that results from swallowing the organism. Characterized by nausea, ab pain and vomiting. Can lead to septicemia and death. Organisms can be isolated from stool |
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| Athrax toxin consists of what 3 proteins? |
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Definition
Lethal factor (LF)
Edema factor (EF)
Protective antigen (PA) |
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Definition
| A protein involved in Anthrax toxin that is necessary for toxin activity and the ability to enter host cells. It also suppresses neutrophil function which makes the host more susceptible |
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Definition
| Protein involved in Anthrax toxin that suppresses neutrophil function, making the host more susceptible |
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Definition
| Associated with the proteins of Anthrax toxins. Resists phagocytosis |
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| What organism consists of large square ended-gram positive rods that occur in chains and look like bamboo? Also may have a capsule that surrounds virulent strains |
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Definition
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| What organism has large, opaque, raised colonies with a curled margin that give a Medusa head appearance? |
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Definition
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| Where does sporulation of Bacillus anthracis occur? |
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Definition
| In soil or culture media, NOT in living tissue |
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Definition
| May cause infections like septicemia and endocarditis in ICP's, also can cause severe eye infections, but more commonly causes food poisoning |
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Term
| Bacillus cereus produces 2 types of toxins |
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Definition
Emetic toxin that is heat stable and causes vomitting (fried rice)
Enterotoxin that is heat labile and causes painful, watery diarrhea. (Poultry, cooked meats, mashed potatoes,s soups and desserts. Avoid toxin by refrigerating foods) |
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