Term
| Explain how species can show variation? (2) |
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Definition
| Different size (1), Different patterns (1) |
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Term
| What is a decomposer and why are they important? (2) |
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Definition
| A decomposer breaks down dead plants and animals (1) and returns the nutrients back to the soil (1) |
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Term
| Why is natural selection now widely accepted? (2) |
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Definition
| We have more evidence, from fossils (1), and it explains a wide range of observations (1) |
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Term
| What is a trophic level in a food chain? (1) |
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Definition
| Trophic levels are the feeding position in a food chain such as primary producers, herbivore, primary carnivore, etc. (1) |
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Term
| What characteristics do Myriapods have? (2) |
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Definition
| They have two body sections (1) and lots of legs (1) |
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Term
| Suggest reasons for animals number decreasing? (3) |
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Definition
| Over hunting (1), Disease (1), running out of food (1), pollution (e.g. Water supply is contaminated) (1) |
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Term
| How can energy be lost from a food chain? (2) |
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Definition
| Heat (1), movement (1), excretion (1), respiration (1) |
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Term
| How can you determine whether two species are the same species? (2) |
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Definition
| Mate/breed the two species together (1) and if they produce fertile offspring they are the same species (1) |
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Term
| What characteristics do arthropods have? (3) |
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Definition
| Exoskeleton (made of chitin) (1), Jointed legs (1), and body segments (1) |
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Term
| What characteristics do Crustaceans have? (2) |
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Definition
| Two body sections (1) and at least 10 legs (1) |
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Term
| Why is it important to conserve species? (3) |
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Definition
| So they don't go extinct(1). We can research animals and learn a lot from them, e.g. Medicine (1). Also if they go extinct they could damage the rest of the food chain (1) |
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Term
| Explain some adaptations predators have? (4) |
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Definition
| Sharp claws (1) - to grab hold of prey (1). Fast (1)- so can catch prey (1). Binocular vision (1) - so can judge distance and catch prey correctly (1) |
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Term
| Why are animals given a binomial name? |
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Definition
| So all languages around the world have a common name for all species on the planet (1) |
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Term
| What characteristics do insects have? (2) |
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Definition
| Three body sections (1) and 6 legs (1) |
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Term
| What characteristics do arachnids have? (2) |
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Definition
| Two body sections (1) and 8 legs (1) |
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Term
| Give an example of an arachnid (1) |
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Definition
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Term
| Give an example of an insect (1) |
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Definition
| Bettle (1), butterfly (1), ant (1), bee (1) |
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Term
| Give an example of a Myriapod (1) |
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Definition
| Centipede (1), millipede (1) |
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Term
| Give an example of a crustacean (1) |
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Definition
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Term
| Why are some animals hard to classify? (1) |
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Definition
| Because they have a mixture of characteristics from different groups (1) |
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Term
| A sheep eats 3200 J worth of grass. He wastes 2000 J of energy. Calculate the efficiency to the sheep (2) |
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Definition
| 1200 J of energy is useful (used for growth) (1). 1200 ÷ 3200 = 0.375 x 100 = 37.5 % (2) |
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Term
| How is nitrogen found in the soil, that plants can use? (1) |
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Definition
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Term
| What do plants compete for? (3) |
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Definition
| Space (1), light (1), water (1) |
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Term
| How are Lamarck’s and Darwin’s theories different? (2) |
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Definition
| Darwin said the animal/plant would be born with the advantage (1) where as Lamarck said they gained the advantage in their lifetime (1) |
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Term
| A cow eats 2400 J worth of grass. He uses 120 J of energy to grow. Calculate the efficiency to the cow. (2) |
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Definition
| 120 ÷ 2400 = 0.05 (1) x 100 = 5% (2) |
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Term
| How can carbon dioxide be returned to the atmosphere? (3) |
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Definition
| Combustion (burning a fuel) (1), Respiration (1) from plants, animals and bacteria (1) |
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Term
| Why can't animals and plants use nitrogen directly from the air? (1) |
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Definition
| Nitrogen is too un-reactive (1) |
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Term
| Explain 2 adaptations of a cactus that enable it to live in hot climates(4) |
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Definition
| Long roots (1)- to absorb as much water as possible (1). Thick stem (1) - to hold as much water as possible (1). Waxy cuticle (1) - to prevent too much water loss (1). Small leaves (spines) (1) - to reduce water loss (1) |
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Term
| How are Lamarck’s and Darwin’s theories similar? |
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Definition
| They both said the one best adapted is most likely to survive (1) |
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Term
| A sheep eats 2400 J worth of grass. He wastes 2000 J of energy. Calculate the amount of energy the sheep uses to grow (1) |
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Definition
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Term
| How can carbon dioxide be taken out of the atmosphere? (2) |
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Definition
| Photosynthesis (1) by plants (1) |
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Term
| What do animals complete for? (3) |
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Definition
| Mating partner (1), food (1), territory (1) |
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Term
| Why was Darwin ridiculed for his theory? (2) |
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Definition
| There was no evidence (1), people were very religious at the time (1) |
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Term
| Explain the natural selection of the peppered moth (3) |
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Definition
| Trees turned black in industrial revolution (soot) (1). Dark peppered moths were more camouflaged (1) so they were more likely to survive than the pale ones (1). Darker peppered moth more likely to survive and breed and pass on their characteristics (1) |
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Term
| What is causing ozone depletion? (2) |
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Definition
| CFC's. They come from aerosols, refrigerators and air conditioning units |
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Term
| What effect is ozone depletion having on our planet? (2) |
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Definition
| More Ultraviolet getting in our Earth and causing more skin cancer |
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Term
| What is happening to the human population? (2) |
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Definition
| Increasing (1) exponential (1) |
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Term
| Why is whaling still going on? (1) |
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Definition
| Hard to police (1) not all countries agree to the laws (1) |
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Term
| Why are foods chains limited to a certain number? (1) |
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Definition
| Energy is wasted along the food chain (1) so there is not enough energy for animals further down the food chain (1) |
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Term
| What is causing global warming? (2) |
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Definition
| Green house gases such as carbon dioxide (1) from burning more fuels (1) and cutting down more trees (1) |
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Term
| What effect is global warming having on our planet? (2) |
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Definition
| Warming it up (1) melting ice caps (1) sea level rise (1) |
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Term
| What is a fishing quota and why are they set? (2) |
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Definition
| Fishermen are given a certain amount of fish they can catch a day (1) so they leave enough left to reproduce (1) so we never run out of fish (1) |
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Term
| Why should whaling be stopped? (2) |
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Definition
| Cruel (1) Whales could go extinct (1) |
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Term
| What does vertebrate and invertebrate mean? (2) |
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Definition
| Vertebrate - backbone, invertebrate (1)- no backbone (1) |
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Term
| What is causing acid rain? (2) |
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Definition
| Sulfur dioxide (1) from burning fossil fuels (1) |
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Term
| What effect is acid rain having on our planet? (2) |
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Definition
| Eroding sedimentary rocks (e.g. Limestone) (1) so buildings and statues are being ruined (1). Lakes and rivers are becoming more acidic and killing aquatic life (1) |
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Term
| What does sustainability mean? (1) |
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Definition
| Having enough resources for the future (1) |
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Term
| Explain how prey are adapted to escape predators. (4) |
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Definition
| Fast - run away from predators (1), monocular vision (1) - so have a wide field of view so they can see the predator coming (1) |
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Term
| Explain the 4 main stages of Darwin’s theory of evolution (4) |
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Definition
| Animals show variation (1). Animals of the same species compete for something (1) the better adapted one is more likely to survive (1). These ones are more likely to reproduce and pass on their characteristics/advantage to their offspring (1) |
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