Term
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Definition
| A substance which alters the way which your body works. It could affect your mind, body or both. |
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Term
| What are the main stages of testing a new drug? |
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Definition
Researchers target a particular disease
Researchers screen lots of chemicals
Possible drugs are made from chemical compounds
In Vitro testing on tissue cells
Chemicals tested on animals for side effects, including long-term
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
Medicine is granted a license
Monitored to make sure its safe |
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Term
| What is Phase 1 in testing a new drug? |
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Definition
| Clinical trials- small number of healthy volunteers are given it to see if it is safe for humans |
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Term
| What is Phase 2 in testing a new drug? |
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Definition
| A small number of people suffering from disease are used to see if drug is effected and if there are any side- effects |
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Term
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Definition
| A larger number of patients are used and progress is monitored. This is where qualities are adjusted |
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Term
| What is a double blind trial? |
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Definition
| When neither the doctor or patient know whether the patient has been given a drug that is being tested or a placebo. |
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Term
| What was Thalidomide developed as? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the problem with Thalidomide? |
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Definition
| It was tested in medical drug trials but not on pregnant rats. This gave pregnant women's children birth defects |
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Term
| What are drugs tested food? |
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Definition
| Effectiveness, safety, stability and amount of side effects. |
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Term
| Where is cholesterol produced? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is cholesterol used for? |
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Definition
| To make cell membranes and sex hormones and is therefore is vital for survival. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cholesterol building up in your blood vessels and blocking them. The fatty deposits are known as atheroma. |
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Term
| What causes high blood pressure? |
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Definition
| Narrow blood vessels due to cholesterol blocking them |
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Term
| What are the problems with narrow blood vessels? |
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Definition
| These cause blood clots inside the vessels which could possibly mean they become blocked. A coronary artery could lead to a heart attack as the heart is starved of oxygen and glucose. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chemicals found in plants that are used to reduce people's cholesterol levels. |
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Term
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Definition
| They block an enzyme in the liver which make cholesterol. |
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Term
| What are some advantages of statins? |
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Definition
They lower chance of a stroke or heart attack by 25-40%
Lower cholesterol level/blood pressure
Less likely to get a blood clot |
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Term
| What are disadvantages of statins? |
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Definition
Can cause liver damage/cancer
Minor side effects
Expensive |
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Term
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Definition
| When a person has an interest in the outcome of an experiment or trial that will being the some gain |
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Term
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Definition
| A medicine which is given to a patient that has no active ingredient in it |
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Term
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Definition
| Some drugs change the chemical processes in your body so that you become addicted to them. This means that you cannot manage without them. Once addicted you need more and more of that drug. When an addict stops taking a drug they experience withdrawal symptoms. |
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Term
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Definition
| Alcohol, tobacco and illegal drugs |
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Term
| What are the problems with heroin and cocaine? |
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Definition
| They are very addictive and can cause serious health problems |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Substances which speed up the activity of the nervous system making you more energetic ad alert |
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Term
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Definition
| Substances that slow down the responses of the brain. |
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Term
| Which type of drugs is more powerful? |
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Definition
| Legal drugs have a greater impact than illegal ones as more people take them. |
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Term
| Drugs used for recreation affect which parts of the body? |
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Definition
| The nervous system especially synapses. |
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Term
| What are stimulants used for in sports? |
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Definition
| They boost bodily functions for example boosting heart rate. Which would deliver more oxygen to the muscles and so more respiration can take place. Therefore there is more muscle contraction |
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Term
| What are anabolic steroids? |
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Definition
| Man made chemicals similar to male sex hormones- especially testosterone. They increase size and strength of muscles. However, they have harmful effects on the body such as aggression, hair loss, acne and damage to heart, liver and kidneys |
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Term
| What are advantages of anabolic steroids? |
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Definition
The athletes are going to win
Can become famous
Saves time spent training
Gets more oxygen into your muscles which are good for you. |
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Term
| What are disadvantages of anabolic steroids? |
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Definition
If you get caught you are banned from sport
You can experience side-effects
Its morally wrong
You can become addicted
Its expensive |
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