Term
| What does asexual reproduction mean? |
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Definition
| Reproduction that only involves one organism |
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Term
| What does sexual reproduction mean? |
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Definition
| Reproduction that involves two organisms |
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Term
| Why is sexual reproduction better than asexual reproduction in a changing environment? |
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Definition
| Because sexual reproduction produces variation so organisms can evolve to suit their environment |
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Term
| Why is asexual reproduction better than sexual reproduction in a constant environment? Give two reasons. |
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Definition
Asexual reproduction produces offspring faster than sexual reproduction so more offspring can be produced.
If an organism is suited to its environment and it reproduces asexually, all offspring will also be suited to their environment. |
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Term
| How does a strawberry plant reproduce sexually and asexually? |
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Definition
It produces asexually by making runners - long stems that grow small plants off of them. These new plants are clones of the original plant.
It has flowers which are pollinated from another plant. These develop into seeds and produce new plants. |
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Term
| What do we mean when we say something is a clone? |
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Definition
| It has DNA which is identical to another organism, i.e. its parent |
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Term
| What does the word gametes mean? |
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Definition
| Sex cells, i.e. eggs and sperm |
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Term
| What does fertilisation mean? |
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Definition
| When male and female gametes fuse together |
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Term
| Where is the genetic material in your cells? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A short section of DNA that codes for a protein. You have many genes and these are linked together in the chromosome |
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Term
| Normal human body cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes. Why do gametes contain half this number of chromosomes? |
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Definition
| Because when male and female gametes join at fertilisation the number of chromosomes comes together to make a complete set. If gametes had the same number of chromosomes as other cells, the number of chromosomes in our cells would double at every fertilisation event |
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Term
| We inherit characteristics from our parents. What else influences our characteristics? |
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Definition
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Term
If one parent has blue eyes and one has brown eyes the child is more likely to have brown eyes than blue.
Explain why by completing this...
This is because the gene for brown eyes is D________ and the gene for blue eyes is R__________? |
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Definition
| This is because the gene for brown eyes is DOMINANT and the gene for blue eyes is RECESSIVE |
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Term
| Is the gene for attached ear lobes dominant or recessive? |
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Definition
| The gene for attached ear lobes is dominant. |
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Term
| Who was the first person to do detailed studies on genes and inheritance and what did he study? |
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Definition
| Gregor Mendel grew pea plants and investigated whether characteristics were passed on from parent plants to their offspring |
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