Term
| Before going for a craniotomy you must get what pre op? |
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Definition
| Baseline neurological assessment |
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Term
| With glasgow coma scale what are they looking for |
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Definition
Eye opening
Verbal response
Motor response |
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Term
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Definition
| Language function defective or absent due to injury of cerebral cortex |
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Term
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Definition
| Inability to use symbols of speech |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inability to understand the spoken word or to speak |
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Term
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Definition
| Inability to comprehend spoken or written word |
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Term
| A lumbar puncture or spinal tap position is |
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Definition
| Sidelying with neck flexed and knee flexed |
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Term
| After a lumbar puncture or spinal tap patient should stay |
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Definition
| Flat as possible for 4-6 hours to prevent a headache |
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Term
| What is an EGG (electroencephalogram) |
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Definition
| Measure electrical activity in the brain |
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Term
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Definition
Headaches that are vascular due to the cerebral arteries being dilated
One sided extreme pain |
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Term
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Definition
| A warning a headache is on its way or seizure |
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Term
| What is a trigger in terms of migraines |
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Definition
| Certain things can trigger a headache and people learn to avoid it |
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Term
| The best environment for a migraine is a |
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Definition
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Term
| An early sign of increased intracranial pressure is |
|
Definition
Changes in LOC
Sleepiness, lethargy, personality changes, irritability, restlessness, agitation, headache, visual changes |
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Term
| Later sign of increased intracranial pressure include |
|
Definition
BP, Temp. UP
Pulse, Resp. Down
BP up referred to as widening pulse pressure |
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Term
| What does widening pulse pressure mean |
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Definition
| Difference between systolic and diastolic |
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Term
| For increased intracranial pressure treatment includes |
|
Definition
Craniotomy
Mannitol - diuretic - fluid off of brain
Steroids - inflammation
Anticonvulsants |
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Term
| For increased intracranial pressure nursing care includes |
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Definition
Keep as still as possible
HOB raised 30-45 degrees, low semifowlers
Neck in neutral position
Fluid restriction
No sneezing, coughing, blowing nose
no valsalva maneuver
No straining with stool
Avoid frequent suctioning only PRN
Give oxygen
If temp. out of control - hyperthermia blanket |
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Term
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Definition
| Rest period after a seizure |
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Term
| What are seizure precautions |
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Definition
Padded siderails up in bed
Oxygen & suction available |
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Term
| Anytime anyone has a seizure no matter where we protect from |
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Definition
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Term
| If patient having a seizure you turn them |
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Definition
| On the side to protect from aspiration and move furniture out of the way |
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Term
| If you witness a seizure doctor will want you to |
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Definition
| Document what happened tonic, clonic, incontinence, how long it was, what type of movements, conciousness |
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Term
| Multiple sclerosis is what type of disease |
|
Definition
Degenerative, autoimmune with no cure.
It is the demyelenation of the nerve sheath (breakdown of the myelin sheath) |
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Term
| What are the diagnostic tests to determine multiple sclerosis |
|
Definition
MRI - Shows changes in myelin sheath
CSF - An abnormal protein will be found |
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Term
| In multiple sclerosis what can make symptoms worse |
|
Definition
Stress + Heat
No hot showers |
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Term
| Parkinson's is what type of disease |
|
Definition
| Progressive brain disorder lack of neurotransmitters |
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Term
| What are the s/s of parkinsons |
|
Definition
Brady kinesia (slow movement)
Tremors
Mask like facial features
Shuffling
Drooling
Dysphagia |
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|
Term
| Parkinson's is a motor problem nothing is wrong with |
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Definition
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Term
| With Parkinson pts you want to give them alot of |
|
Definition
| praise and have alot of patience to keep them independent |
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Term
| With Parkinsons pts you want to be on fall precautions such as |
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Definition
| Use of walker, cane, call bell, clutter free, no throw rugs, fall prevention |
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Term
| What can exacerbate the Parkinson patient |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Problems with recent memory called recent recall or short term memory loss
Then confusion and eventually becomes physical |
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Term
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Definition
| Transient temporary lack of O2 to area in the brain. No permanent damage |
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Term
|
Definition
| Total lack permanent lack of O2 to an area and you cause damage |
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Term
|
Definition
| Atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes, smoking |
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Term
|
Definition
| Scraping due to atherosclerosis |
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Term
| Taking care of pt. with CVA include |
|
Definition
Check gag due to dysphagia
Cut everything up they eat and put it on unparalyzed side to chew
ROM & turn and position as needed
Communication such as boards, yes or no questions. Don't yell use simple words |
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Term
| Patient with CVA you want to promote |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Patient with CVA you can break multiple task down into simple tasks and that is called |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The patient with CVA can ignore one side of the body called |
|
Definition
Unilateral neglect
Need to know where body part is and protect it |
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Term
| Patient with CVA you put call bell within reach and belongings where |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Trigeminal neuralgia is what cranial nerve |
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Definition
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|
Term
| With trigeminal neuralgia you want to not touch the the side of the face as to not |
|
Definition
| Trigger a painful response |
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|
Term
| Bells palsy is what cranial nerve |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| One side of face paralysis in bells palsy is called |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| S/S of bells palsy include |
|
Definition
| Facial droop, drool, eyes won't close |
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|
Term
| With bells palsy you want to protect |
|
Definition
| The eye with eyepatches & lubrication eyedrops |
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Term
| Guilliene barre affects the peripheral nerves and its a virus it starts with numbness where |
|
Definition
| In feet then you get ascending paralysis |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Meningitis is bacterial or viral but which is worst |
|
Definition
| Bacterial due to sudden onset |
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Term
| Early signs of meningitis include |
|
Definition
| Change in mental status, headache and the big one is Nerchal rigidity (neck stiffness) |
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|
Term
| Kernig sign to test for meningitis is |
|
Definition
| Flat lying extend legs towards ceiling |
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|
Term
| Brudzinski sign to test for meningitis is |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| People who have meningitis prefer what type of room |
|
Definition
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