Term
| broader range of activity due to |
|
Definition
| increased resistance to b lactamases |
|
|
Term
| active vs Proteus, E. coli, Klebsiella |
|
Definition
| Cephalosporins (all generations) |
|
|
Term
| drug of choice in treatment of pneumonia and urinary tract infections causes by Klebsiella pneumoniae |
|
Definition
| Cephalosporins (all generations) |
|
|
Term
| Parenterally used in treatment of gonococcal disease and bacterial meningitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
inactrive vs
MRSA
Listeria monocytogenes
C diff
enterococci |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| active vs. MRSA, VRSA, VISA, Enterococcus faecalis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cephalexin, Cefazolin, Cefadroxil |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Penicillin G substitutes resistant to inactivation by staphylococcal penicilinase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Staphylococci, Streptococci, Pneumococi
Very active vs gram pos cocci
RTI (pharyngitis, tonsillitis, pneumonia) bone infections, skin and soft tissue, otitis media |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Active vs. gram negative bacilli:
Proteus mirabilis, E. Coli, Klebsiella pneumonia
PEcK |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
UTIs and acute prostatitis
Pneumonia (Klebsiella) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most widely prescribed cephalosporin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DOC for surgical prophylaxis due to longer half life |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Alternative to antistaphyloccoccal penicillins in penicillin allergic patients
-susceptible bacterial endocarditis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cefprozil, Cefuroxime axetil, Cefuroxime, Cefaclor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Increased activity against some gram negatives: Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis
PeCKS + HiM |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Less activity vs gram positive organisms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Widely prescribed 2nd gen cephalosporin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Otitis media/acute sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, and LOWER RTIs (strep pneumo, strep pyo, Haemophilus influenze, Moraxella catarrhalis) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Skin and soft tissue infections (staph aureus, Strep pyogenes) |
|
Definition
| Cefprozil, Cefuroxime axetil |
|
|
Term
| most widely prescribed 2nd generation cephalosporin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Otitis media/acute sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, *bronchitis*, *community acquired pneumonia*
(Strep pneumo, Strep pyo, Haemophilus influenze, Moraxella catarrhalis) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UTIs (E. Coli, Klebsiella) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cephamycins are subclass of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Similar spectrum of activity as 2nd generations (Skin and soft tissue infections, RTIs, UTIs) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| very active vs bacteroides fragilis and Clostridum perfringens (anaerobes) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intra-abdominal infections |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| First line for Bacteroides |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| First line for mixed aerobic infections (diverticulitis, peritonitis) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Indicated for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Clostridum perfringens, Serratia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| widely used in treatment of bacterial meningitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Crosses blood brain barrier entering CSF to treat bacterial meningitis |
|
Definition
| Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime, Ceftizoxime |
|
|
Term
Increased coverage against gram negative bacilli
adds Neisseria, Serratia marcescens, Citrobacter, and Providencia
HiM PECKS + NSCP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| First line agent ofr treatment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| First line agent for meningitis due to Haemophilus influenzae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| First line agent for infections due to pen-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| First line agent for typhoid fever due to Salmonella |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Other indications: meningitis (strep pneumo, Neisseria meningtidis, Strep agalactiae, campylobacter fetus, pasteurella)) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| otitis media, chancroid, bacterial endocarditis, UTIs, pneumonia, bacteremia, bone infections, skin and soft tissue infections |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Meningitis (streptococcus pneumo, Neisseria meningitidis, and stre aglactae) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Active for meningitis same as Cefotaxime with additional vs. Campylobacter fetus and Pasteurella |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
First line agent for infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa
-UTIs, pneumonia, bacteremia, meningitis |
|
Definition
| Ceftazidime (3rd), Cefepime (4th) |
|
|
Term
| Most widely prescribed 3rd gen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Community -aquired pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, sinusitis
(Streptococcus pneumo, Haemophilus influenze, moraxella catarrhalis)
skin and soft tissue infectoins (staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Pediatric patients
-skin and soft tissue (staph a, strep pyo)
-acute bacterial otitis media (strep pneumo, haemophilus influenze, moraxella catarrhalis) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
most widely used fourth gen cephalosporin
requires parenteral administration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Similar to last generation but more resistance to hydroylsis by chromosomal B lactamases by ENTEROBACTER |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Broad range of antibacterial activity:
staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci
Aerobic Gram negative: Proteus mirabilis, E coli, Klebsiella pneumo, Haemophilus, Moraxella, Neisseria, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia, Citrobacter) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Also indicated for Enterobacter, Bacteroides, Serratia, Citrobacter
Intra abdominal infections |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
First fifth gen on market
administered IV |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Broad spectrum vs. MRSA, VRSA, VISA, Enterococcus faecalis
streptococci, pneumococci |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Similar gram negative spectrum to second generation
plus Enterobacter and Citrobacter
-acute skin and soft tissue infections, community acquired pneumonia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Gram negative spectrum:
Proteus mirabilis, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Gram negative spectrum:
Proteus mirabilis, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia , Haemophilus influenze, Moraxella catarrhalis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cephalexin, cefadroxil, cefprozil, cefuroxime axetil, cefaclor, cefdinir, cefixime, ceftibuten, cefpodoime, cefditoren |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftizoxime |
|
|
Term
| only oral third generation |
|
Definition
| cefdinir, cefixime, ceftibuten, cefpodoxime, cefditoren |
|
|
Term
| only second generation not oral |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cefprozil, cefuroxime axetil, cefaclor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mechanisms of reistance indentical to penicillins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| some third generations + this get into CSF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DOC in treatment of both NEONATAL and CHILDHOOD meningitis by Haemophilus influenze |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| useful during orthopedic surgery since it concentrates in bone and is effective versus penicillinase-producing Staphyloccous aeurus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| primarily excreted via renal tubular secretion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| prolongs activity of cephalosporins eliminated by tubular secretion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Probenecid would not work to prolong |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| excreted via bile and is commonly employed in patients with decreased renal function |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
bleeding disturbances
associated with hypoprothrombinemia
administer w/ vitamin K can remedy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| may be associated w/ severe disulfiram like reactions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| potential for nephrotoxicity when cephalosporins are combined w/ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You have unknown diagnosis of community acquired pneumonia. So you want to treat with something that covers the common culprits: Strep. Pneumo + HiB |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You have an unknown sinusitis or otitis media infection by unknown organism and want to cover the bases of common culprits: HiB/moraxella |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You want to work on intra-abdominal infection that covers anaerobic contaminants from GI tract, especially Bacteroides fragilis |
|
Definition
| Cefoxitin, Cefotetan (Cephamycins) |
|
|
Term
| Adding pseudomonas aeruginosa to spectrum took until the third generation and the drug: (first line agent) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cephalosporins that cover the anaerobes (including bacteroides fragilis) |
|
Definition
|
|
