Term
|
Definition
| Anything that occupies space |
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|
Term
| What are the 3 states of matter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Retains volume but not shape |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Takes the shape and volume of its container |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| The amount of quantity of mass per unit |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 types of pressure? |
|
Definition
| Static, Impact, Relative, Absolute |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Pressure in a confined space or not causing motion |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Pressure caused by motion |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| One pressure in relation to anoter |
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Term
|
Definition
| Sum of the atmospheric and system pressures starting from a theoretical vaccuum |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Pressure applied to an enclosed or confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions without loss, and acts with equal force on all surfaces |
|
|
Term
| State the effect of a convergent venturi tube |
|
Definition
| Increased velocity, decreased pressure |
|
|
Term
| State the effect of divergent venturi tube |
|
Definition
| Decreased velocity, increased pressure |
|
|
Term
| Whose law deals with volume and temperature? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Whose law deals with volume and pressure? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction |
|
|
Term
| What atmospheric range provides the best conditions for jet aircraft flight? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Intensity of hotness or coldness of a mass in degrees |
|
|
Term
| List the methods of heat transfer |
|
Definition
| Conduction, Convection, Radiation |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Currents in a fluid caused by uneven heating |
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Term
|
Definition
| High speed particles of machines |
|
|
Term
| Define the principles of machines |
|
Definition
| The application of laws, principles and theories that allows us to develop machines to aid us in our daily work |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 types of machine principles? |
|
Definition
| Levers and inclined planes |
|
|
Term
| How does matter change states? |
|
Definition
| Chemical or physical means |
|
|
Term
| How is matter usually considered? |
|
Definition
| In terms of the energy it contains, absorbs, or gives off |
|
|
Term
| How may matter be classified? |
|
Definition
| Either an element or a compound |
|
|
Term
| What particles make up all basic matter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The amount of space an object or substance occupied |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| The amount of matter a body contains |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A measurement of force cause by gravity on a unit of mass |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A force that attracts objects towards the center of the earth |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| The total pressure acting on an object |
|
|
Term
| Bernoulli's Principle/ theorem |
|
Definition
| Whenever a stream of fluid has its velocity increased at a given point, the pressure at that point is less than the rest of the stream |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The volume of a given mass of gas varies inversely with pressure when the temperature remains constant |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| If the volume of a confined gas is constant, the pressure is directly proportional to the absolute temperature. If the pressure is unchanged, the volume is directly proportional to the absolute temperature |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 measurements of heat? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| British Thermal unit: amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pint of water one degree fahrenheit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree celsius |
|
|
Term
| What is the chemical breakup of the atmosphere? |
|
Definition
| 78% Nitrogen,21% Oxygen,1% Inert Gases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A column of air with a one square inch base and a height equal to that of the atmosphere will weigh 14.7 pounds per square inch and support 29.92 inches of mercury on the barometric scale at sea level on a standard day |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The lower limit of the atmosphere which contains weather conditions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Average temperature of -69.7 degrees Fahrenheit and provides the best conditions for jet aircraft flight |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Has conditions that do not allow for gas turbine engine operation due to lack of oxygen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The electronically charged protection layer for the earth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| They either multiply force or speed and lost the other |
|
|
Term
| What 3 processes must occur for a machine to work? |
|
Definition
1. input work- work is supplied to the machine.
2. Energy is expanded- work is exerted against friction.
3. Useful Work- output work is done by the machine. |
|
|
Term
| How is a machine's efficiency rated? |
|
Definition
| As a number between 0 and 1 which measures the ration of work output dived by work input. The closer to 1, the more efficient the machine. |
|
|
Term
| How does a machine convert an input force to an output force |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The most generally used machine principle. Consists of a rigid bar pivoted at a certain point called the fulcrum. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A smaller input force can be realized by creating a slope and adding distance to create the same output force. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The branch of science that deals with the study of liquid in motion. |
|
|
Term
| Whose law deals with hydraulics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of hydraulics? |
|
Definition
| To move mechanical components accurately and safely with ease. |
|
|
Term
| What are the 8 components that make up a basic hydraulic system? |
|
Definition
| 1.Reservoir 2. filter 3. pump 4. relief valve 5. selector valve 6. actuating unit 7. Tubing 8. Check valve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Converts fluid pressure to useful work |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Permits fluid flow in one direction only |
|
|
Term
| What is the greatest maintenance hazard with the hydraulic system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the classes of contaminants? |
|
Definition
| Abrasives and non- abrasives |
|
|
Term
| Where do contaminants originate? |
|
Definition
1. Originally contained in the system
2. Introduced from outside sources
3. Created within the system during operation
4. introduced by foreign liquids |
|
|
Term
| How do we control contamination? |
|
Definition
| Ensure filters are maintained and ensure minimum contamination |
|
|
Term
| What are the safety hazards when dealing with a hydraulic system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The rate of doing work or the rate of expending energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The act or process of changing place or position |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The rate of change of distance with respect to time in a given direction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The rate of change of velocity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The ability to do work or bring about changes in matter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Propelling force generated in the direction opposite to the flow of a gas under pressure, which is escaping through an opening called a jet nozzle |
|
|
Term
| List the conditions of a standard day |
|
Definition
-Barometric pressure of 29.92" of mercury (14.7 PSI at sea level)
-0% Humidity
-59F
-No wind |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The thermodynamic cycle of a gas turbine engine to produce thrust. It is a varying volume, constant pressure cycle of events. Commonly called the constant pressure cycle or the combustion cycle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The driving force produced by a gas turbine engine |
|
|
Term
| How is thrust classified? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What power plant variable has the most effect on thrust? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What effect will a decrease in temperature have on thrust? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of engine uses only the thrust developed within the engine to produce its force? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which engine uses extra stages of turbine wheels to drive reduction gearing to drive a rotating airfoil? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Under the engine designation system, which system is the old system used by the Navy and Air Force? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of engine is represented by an "x" in the 2-digit system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Described the manufacturer symbols used in part 2 of the 2-digit system |
|
Definition
| Identifies the engine manufacturer using 1 or 2 letter designations |
|
|
Term
| In the 3 digit system, what does a "J" in part 1 identify? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the 3 digit system, what does an "F" in part 1 identify? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the 3 digit system, what does a "T" in part 1 identify? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the 3 digit system, what does a 100-399 in part 1 identify? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the 3 digit system, what does a 400-699 in part 1 identify? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the 3 digit system, what does a 700-999 in part 1 identify? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the data plate located? |
|
Definition
| The forward external portion of the engine |
|
|
Term
| What information does the data plate contain? |
|
Definition
-Engine serial number
-Engine model designation
-Manufacturer code |
|
|
Term
| What speed does a ramjet engine require to sustain operation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who developed the "Aelipile" and when? |
|
Definition
| Hero of Alexandria, 150 B.C. |
|
|
Term
| Who developed the turbine-powered stamp mill, and when? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who produced the first steam jet horseless carriage and when? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When was the earliest use of solid-fuel rockets as weapons? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of engine was used as a German robot bomb, or V-1 weapon, in 1941? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When was the first gas turbine engine built? |
|
Definition
| 1902 at Cornell University |
|
|
Term
| What was the first application of a turbojet engine? |
|
Definition
| To drive a supercharger for reciprocating engines ( General electric in 1918) |
|
|
Term
| When was the first jet propelled flight? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When was the test flight of the Whittle (W1) turbojet? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The distance travelled per unit of time |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 continuous and constant events in the Brayton Cycle? |
|
Definition
| Intake, Compression, Combustion, Exhaust |
|
|
Term
| Which of Newtons laws of motion are applied to obtain thrust? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are newtons laws called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name for newtons 1st law? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of for Newtons 2nd law? |
|
Definition
| Law of force and acceleration |
|
|
Term
| What is the name of Newtons 3rd law? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The thrust produced when the aircraft or engine has no forward motion |
|
|
Term
| How are engines rated by their manufacturers? |
|
Definition
| In static thrust under standard day conditions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The thrust available to power the aircraft in flight |
|
|
Term
| How is power plant RPM expressed? |
|
Definition
| In percent of engine's maximum possible compressor speed/RPM |
|
|
Term
| How will an increase in RPM affect thrust? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How will a decrease in RPM affect thrust? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How will an increase in outside air temperature affect thrust? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How will a decrease in outside air temperature affect thrust? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How will an increase in barometric pressure affect thrust? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How will a decrease in barometric pressure affect thrust? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The amount of water vapor present in the air at any given time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The amount of moisture in the air relative to the maximum amount that the air could contain at the same temperature expressed as a percent |
|
|
Term
| How will an increase in humidity affect thrust? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How will a decrease in humidity affect thrust? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does a Y prefix represent? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When is the prefix dropped from the engine designation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What branches used the 2-digit system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the 2-digit system, what are the 3 possible type symbols? |
|
Definition
-J-Turbojet
-TF-Turbofan
-T-Turboshaft/ Turboprop |
|
|
Term
| In the 2-digit system, how can you tell which service the engine was designed for? |
|
Definition
| In part 1, even numbers starting from 30 represent Navy. Odd numbers from 31 represent Air Force |
|
|
Term
| In the 2-digit system, what does part two contain? |
|
Definition
| The engine manufacturer symbol, wither 1 or 2 letters |
|
|
Term
| In the 2-digit system, when is a suffix used? |
|
Definition
| When a minor modifications are incorpoated |
|
|
Term
| In the 3-digit system, how does the type designator for turbofan engine differ? |
|
Definition
| Instead of TF, F is used to identify turbofan |
|
|
Term
| In the 3-digit system, what does a 100-399 represent? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the 3-digit system, what does a 400-699 represent? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the 3-digit system, what does a 700-999 represent? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the front frame mounted? |
|
Definition
| On the front of the compressor section |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the front frame section? |
|
Definition
| To receive air from the aircraft air inlet duct and pre-swirl it in the direction of compressor rotation to prevent shock |
|
|
Term
| What are the purposes of the compressor section? |
|
Definition
*Supplies compressed air in sufficient quantities to satisfy the requirements of the combustion section
*Supply bleed air |
|
|
Term
| The axial-flow compressor consists of what? |
|
Definition
| Rotating airfoils (rotor blades) and stationary airfoils ( stator vanes) |
|
|
Term
| Where is the diffuser located? |
|
Definition
| It forms the compressor section rear frame |
|
|
Term
| How are compressor blades attached to the compressor? |
|
Definition
| By dovetail, fir-tree root, or bulb |
|
|
Term
| What develops the highest point of pressure in the compressor section? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What component is housed in the front frame section? |
|
Definition
| Inlet Guide Vanes (IGV's) |
|
|
Term
| What purpose do inlet guide vanes perform? |
|
Definition
| They are hollow to allow for hot air from the engine to circulate through the vanes to prevent ice from forming. They also accommodate tubes to carry oil to and from the front main bearing |
|
|
Term
| What are the 6 sections of the gas turbine engine? |
|
Definition
*Front Fame section
*Compressor section
*Combustion section
*Turbine Section
*Exhaust Section
*Accessory Section |
|
|
Term
| Where is the compressor section located? |
|
Definition
| Between the front frame section and the combustion section |
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 main components of the compressor |
|
Definition
*Casing
*Rotor Assembly
*Stator Assembly
*Guide Vane Assembly
*Diffuser |
|
|
Term
| What components make up 1 stage of compression? |
|
Definition
| Rotor assembly and stator assembly |
|
|
Term
| What is the defining characteristic of an axial-flow compressor? |
|
Definition
| It compresses the air in a direction that is parallel to the axis of the engine |
|
|
Term
| What type of compressor casing is most common? |
|
Definition
| Drum type, split horizontally for ease of maintenance |
|
|
Term
| What component is housed by the compressor casing? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 components of a rotor assembly? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can rotor blades be locked? |
|
Definition
| Peening, pins, locking wire and keys |
|
|
Term
| What materials are blades and vanes made from? |
|
Definition
| Stainless steel, aluminum or titanium |
|
|
Term
| What is the function of the compressor rotor blades? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe stator asseblies |
|
Definition
| Rows of stationary vanes dove-tailed into split-rings and mounted to the compressor casing |
|
|
Term
| What is the function of the stator vanes? |
|
Definition
| Control air direction for better efficiency |
|
|
Term
| Where are the exit guide vanes located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of exit guide vanes? |
|
Definition
| To straighten compressor discharge air to eliminate turbulence |
|
|
Term
| What is the function of the diffuser? |
|
Definition
| Develops a pressure wall to prevent reverse flow of combustion gases back into the compressor |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 types of axial-flow compressors? |
|
Definition
| Single rotor (solid-spool) dual rotor (split-spool) |
|
|
Term
| Which stage of the turbine drives the N-1 compressor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which stage of the turbine drives N-2 compressor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 advantages of the axial-flow compressor |
|
Definition
*High peak efficiencies
*Small frontal area
*Increased pressure rise by more stages with minimum pressure loss between stages |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 disadvantages of an axial-flow compressor? |
|
Definition
*Heavy weight
*Difficult to manufacture- high cost
*High starting power requirements |
|
|
Term
| Where is the combustion section located? |
|
Definition
| Between the compressor and turbine sections |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the combustion section? |
|
Definition
| To burn the fuel/air mixture, adding heat energy to the mass airflow from the compressor to drive the turbine, which drives the compressor and accessories |
|
|
Term
| What functions does the combustion section perform? |
|
Definition
*mix the fuel and air to the proper ratio
*Burn the fuel/air mixture
*position the flame within the chamber liner
*Cool the gases to a temperature that the turbine can withstand
*deliver the gases rearward to the turbine section |
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 components of the combustion section? |
|
Definition
*Casing (housing)
*Chambers
*Ignitor plugs
*Fuel Nozzles
*Fuel drain |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the ignitor plugs? |
|
Definition
| Provide an air gap for the high-energy spark to ignite the fuel/air mixture |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 types of fuel nozzles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the duplex fuel nozzle |
|
Definition
| It is widely used due to its good spray characteristics under all operating conditions |
|
|
Term
| Describe the simplex fuel nozzle |
|
Definition
| It has a spray pattern which is limited in use |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It is located on the bottom of the combustion casing. It provides a means of draining residual fuel during engine shutdown or abnormal starts |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 types of combustion chambers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Annular combustion chamber |
|
Definition
| Uses limited space to permit better mixing of the fuel and air for more efficient combustion |
|
|
Term
| Can-Annular combustion chamber |
|
Definition
| Individual chambers are placed side-by-side to form a circle of cans inside a single casing |
|
|
Term
| Where is the turbine section located? |
|
Definition
| Between the combustion section and the exhaust section |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the turbine section? |
|
Definition
| To extract energy from the expanding gases from the combustion section and convert the gases to shaft horse power to drive the compressor and engine-drivenaccessories |
|
|
Term
| What determines the amount of energy the turbine extracts? |
|
Definition
*Compressor size
*Number of engine-driven accessories
*Reduction gearboxes to drive propellers
*Rotary airfoils driven by shafts |
|
|
Term
| What are the components of the turbine section? |
|
Definition
*Casing(housing)
*Nozzle assemblies
*Turbine rotor assemblies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Houses the turbine rotor assembly and provides mounting and support for the turbine nozzle assemblies |
|
|
Term
| Where are nozzle assemblies located? |
|
Definition
| Directly aft of the combustion chamber assembly and in front of each preceding stage of turbine rotor blades |
|
|
Term
| What is the function of nozzle assemblies? |
|
Definition
*to convert heat and pressure energy into velocity energy
*Direct gases to the turbine rotor blades at the most efficient angle |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the turbine rotor assembly? |
|
Definition
| To convert velocity energy from the turbine nozzle into mechanical energy (shaft ) to drive the compressor and engine-driven accessories |
|
|
Term
| What are the components of the turbine rotor assembly? |
|
Definition
*turbine blades
*rotor disk
*rotor shaft |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the turbine blades? |
|
Definition
| Extract energy from the expanding gases and transmit it to the rotor disk |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 types of rotor blades? |
|
Definition
*impulse
*Reaction
*Impulse-reaction |
|
|
Term
| When are the impulse turbine blades used? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When are reaction type turbine blades used? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When are impulse-reaction type turbine blades used? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the rotor disk? |
|
Definition
| Provide mounting for the rotor blades and transmit power from the blades to the turbine rotor shaft |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the turbine rotor shaft? |
|
Definition
| To transmit shaft horsepower from the rotor disks to the compressr |
|
|
Term
| Where is the exhaust section located? |
|
Definition
| Aft of the turbine section |
|
|
Term
| What are the purposes of the exhaust section? |
|
Definition
*straighten and direct the gases rearward
*Convert the gases into a solid jet stream
*Impart a final boost in velocity |
|
|
Term
| What are the components of the exhaust section? |
|
Definition
*exhaust duct
*Inner cone
*Struts
*Tailpipe
*exhaust nozzle
*thermocouples
*insulation blankets |
|
|
Term
| Where is the exhaust duct located? |
|
Definition
| Bolted to the turbine case rear flange |
|
|
Term
| What are the purposes of the exhaust DUCT? |
|
Definition
*Collect the exhaust gases and deliver them to the exhaust nozzle
*Provide mounting for the thermocouple assemblies
*provide mounting for the struts which support the inner cone |
|
|
Term
| How is the inner cone held in place? |
|
Definition
| With struts or a combination of struts and supporting rods |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the inner cone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is the design of the inner cone important? |
|
Definition
| It allows the gases to gradually come together to form a solid jet stream |
|
|
Term
| Why would the inner cone have small holes in it? |
|
Definition
| To allow for reverse flow to cool the last stage of the turbine |
|
|
Term
| Where are the struts located? |
|
Definition
| Between the housing and the inner cone |
|
|
Term
| What are the purposes of the struts? |
|
Definition
*Position and support the inner cone
*straighten the swirling gases leaving the turbine
*Provide airfoils around the supporting rods to prevent damage |
|
|
Term
| Where is the tailpipe located? |
|
Definition
| Bolted to the rear flange of the exhaust duct |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the tailpipe |
|
Definition
| To carry exhaust gases away from the airframe |
|
|
Term
| Where is the exhaust nozzle located? |
|
Definition
| Attached to the rear flange of the exhaust duct housing, tail pipe, or afterburner duct depending on the aircraft designation |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the exhaust nozzle? |
|
Definition
| To impart a final boost in velocity to gases leaving the engine |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 types of exhaust nozzles? |
|
Definition
| Fixed area and variable area |
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Term
| Describe a fixed area exhaust nozzle |
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Definition
| A convergent designed duct with no moving parts which is used on engines producing sub-sonic velocities |
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Term
| Describe a variable area exhaust nozzle |
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Definition
| A convergent/ divergent designed duct which opens and closes automatically according to fuel flow and throttle position which allows for increased exhaust nozzle area during afterburner operation |
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Term
| Where are thermocouples located? |
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Definition
| Forward, aft, and between stages of turbine. Location is determined by the manufacturer |
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Term
| How do thermocouples work |
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Definition
| The produce an electrical signal in proportion to exhaust gas temperatures |
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Term
| What is the purpose of thermocouples |
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Definition
| To monitor engine operating conditions through the use of the temperature indicating system |
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Term
| Where are insulation blankets found? |
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Definition
| Between the engine and the airframe |
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Term
| Why are insulation blankets used? |
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Definition
| To protect the airframe from heat damage |
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Term
| Where is the accessory section located? |
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Definition
| Normally mounted at the front of the compressor rotor or on the lower part of the compressor housing |
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Term
| What are the 2 main gearbox types? |
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Definition
*Power take- off gear box at the center front of the compressor hub
*Accessory gear box located near the bottom of the compressor |
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Term
| What are the purposes of the accessory section? |
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Definition
To change the compressor rotor speeds to suitable drive speeds for engine accessories
*To provide passages and tubing for lubrication of the accessory drive train
*To provide mounting pads for engine-driven accessories |
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Term
| What happens to airflow as it passes through the compressor section? |
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Definition
*pressure increases
*temperature increases
*Velocity stabilizes |
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Term
| What happens to airflow as it passes through the combustion section? |
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Definition
*Pressure decreases
*Temperature increases
*Velocity Increases |
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Term
| What happens to airflow as it passes through the turbine section? |
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Definition
*Pressure decreases
*temperature decreases
*velocity increases |
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Term
| What happens to airflow as it passes through the exhaust section? |
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Definition
*pressure decreases
*temperature decreases
*velocity increases |
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Term
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Definition
| A small, gas turbine engine located within the airframe of the aircraft |
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Term
| What are the 4 types of power provided by an APU? |
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Definition
*Hydraulic
*Electrical
*Mechanical
*Pneumatic |
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Term
| What is the bleed air (pneumatic power) from an APU used for? |
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Definition
*main engine starting, available from the start bypass valve
*aircraft air conditioning, available at the pneumatic power source outlet |
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Term
| Where is the APU pneumatic power tapped for main engine starting? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHere is the APU pneumatic power tapped for aircraft air conditioning? |
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Definition
| Pneumatic power source outlet |
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Term
| What is APU hydraulic and electrical power used for? |
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Definition
During ground maintenance allowing the aircraft to be independent of support equipment
*For emergency power while in flight |
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Term
| How can APU hydraulic and electrical power be used in emergency situations? |
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Definition
| Independently or simultaneously |
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Term
| How is mechanical power available from an APU? |
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Definition
| As shaft power at the main output drive pad |
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Term
| What are the 2 major assemblies of the APU? |
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Definition
*Power section assembly
*Gearbox assembly |
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Term
| What are the main components of the APU power section assembly? |
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Definition
| Compressor, combustion, and turbine |
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Term
| Describe the APU power section assembly compressor section |
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Definition
| It is a centrifugal compressor which supplies air for combustion and bleed air requirements |
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Term
| Describe the APU power section assembly turbine section |
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Definition
| Single-stage turbine of the radial inflow design |
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Term
| How are the APU power section assembly compressor and turbine section joined? |
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Definition
| On a common shaft to make a single balanced rotating assembly and supported by two main bearings |
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Term
| Describe the APU power section assembly combustion section |
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Definition
| Chamber of the annular type provides mounting pads for the six fuel nozzles, one ignitor plug and combustion drain valve |
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Term
| What is the purposes of the APU gearbox assembly? |
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Definition
*house the reduction gear train
*Provide mounting pads for all or some accessories |
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Term
| What accessories can be mounted on the APU gearbox assembly? |
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Definition
*Fuel pump and accelerator
*oil pump assembly
*hydraulic starter
*speed sensor |
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Term
| What are the 6 APU systems? |
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Definition
*starting system
*fuel system
*lubrication system
*ignition system
*electronic sequencing unit (ESU)
*Safety control system |
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Term
| How is starting accomplished by an APU starting system? |
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Definition
| Hydraulically using an aircraft-mounted hydraulic accumulator |
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Term
| What component provides hydraulic pressure required by the APU hydraulic starter? |
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Definition
| Nitrogen-charged accumulator |
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Term
| What causes the hydraulic charge to release? (APU starting system) |
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Definition
| Actuation of the APU control switch in the cockpit/flight station |
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Term
| Describe the APU fuel system receive its fuel supply from? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the APU lubrication system |
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Definition
| Provides both pressurized and splash lubrication for all gears, shafts and bearings within the engine |
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Term
| Describe the APU ignition system? |
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Definition
| Capacitor discharge type that consists of an ignition exciter, ignitor lead, and ignitor plug |
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Term
| What are the 3 parts of the APU ignition system? |
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Definition
*Ignition exciter
*Ignitor lead
*Ignitor Plug |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the Electronic Sequence Unit? |
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Definition
| Provides the APU with programmed events such as starting, operational checks and overspeed protection |
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Term
| Describe the APU safety control system |
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Definition
| Provides automatic starting of the APU as well as safety features to shut down the unit automatically or manually |
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Term
| What conditions cause the APU safety control system to automatically shut down the system? |
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Definition
| Oil pressure falls below minimum or turbine Exceeds maximum RPM |
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Term
| What happens if there is a fire in the APU? |
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Definition
| An APU Fire warning light will illuminate in the cockpit/flight station. Pulling the T-Handle of the APU control switch will arm the fire extinguisher and remove 28V DC from the control switch |
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Term
| What are the 3 steps to APU operation? |
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Definition
*Power is developed through compression of ambient air by a centrifugal compressor
*Compressed air is mixed with fuel that is ignited to drive the turbine
*The rotating shaft power of the turbine wheel drives the compressor, accessories, and main output drive pad |
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Term
| What is acceptable O-Level maintenance on an APU? |
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Definition
*Periodic inspection
*removal/replacement of components
*removal/replacement of the entire APU |
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