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June 4, 1783
First Balloon
Used hot air |
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Hydrogen Balloon
August 27, 1783
Envelope made of taffeta and India rubber
Rose 1500 feet and disappeared into clouds |
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September 19, 1783
Sheep, duck, and rooster
1500 feet |
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September 19, 1783
Sheep, duck, and rooster
1500 feet |
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October 1783
Ettienne Montgolfier
Tethered Flight |
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November 21, 1783
First manned flight in free balloon
Went aloft in Montgolfier hot air balloon |
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JAC Charles and MN Roberts
December 1, 1783
Flew from Paris to Nestle (17 miles) |
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| 6 people in tethered flight |
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| 6 people in tethered flight |
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| Who led world in aviation during 18th century? |
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1793-Napoleon for Republic Army
Observed enemy position
Used against Austrians and Italians |
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| 1784 - first manned flight it... |
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Definition
| Ireland, scotland, england, US |
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Term
| Ballooning in the Americas |
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Definition
Jean-Pierre Blanchard ***
January 9, 1793
First manned free flight
Philadelphia to New Jersey |
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Term
| US Military Use of Balloons |
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Definition
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S.A. Andre
North Pole flight
Failed
Lost on White Island |
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Definition
| an aircraft that can be directed or steered |
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Henri Giffard
September 24, 1852
3hp steam engine
Weighed 350lbs
Flew 17 miles away from Paris |
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| First Roundtrip Flight in Dirigible |
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Definition
August 9, 1884
Renard and Krebs
5 miles total distance
Chalais-Meudan to Villacoublay and back |
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1901
100,000 Francs
First to fly form St. Cloud to Eiffel Tower and back in less than half an hour
Santos Dumont won |
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Definition
Developed large rigid airship
1900
1900-1917
Retired German Army officer |
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Premier airship
Recognized military need for aircraft:
long range flights, bad weather flying, and could carry arms, crew, and bombs |
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Delag
1910 - Zeppelin Airships
Without schedule services or fixed routes;
Competed agains German Express Train;
Average speed: 40 mph |
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1804
Recognized aeronautical significance of the kite: wing, fuselage, empennage, rudder, elevator, CG;
Built full size gliders and felew a small boy towed by a rope |
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Built and flew gliders in 1891-1896;
Controlled the glider by swinging his body;
Logged nearly 2000 hours;
Demonstrated man could fly in heavier than air craft;
Crashed and died in 1896 |
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1894-wrote history of progress in "Flying Machines";
Build man carrying gliders in 1896;
Combined Cayley's and Lilienthals's ideas; Visited Wright Brothers at Kill Devil Hill |
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Term
| Wilbur and Orville Wright |
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Definition
1902 (?) -had almost 1000 flights at Kitty Hawk;
1903-built first aircraft, called it the "flyer"
December 14 - Wilbur crashed
December 17 - Orville flew 120 feet, 20 seconds;
1903-applied for patent (received in 1906);
1904-built new airplane-Flyer No. 2;
1905-built Flyer No. 3;
1908-received contract for US Army Signal Corps for heavier than air machines;
May 1908- Charlie Furnas becamse first passenger in airplane history |
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Sold in France and England;
Also trained pilots, civil and military |
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(dirigible around Eifel Tower)
November 12, 1906
Made the first officially recognized airplane flight in Europe;
Thought he was the first to fly ever |
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Term
| France-Voisin Freres Company |
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Definition
| built 20 airplanes before WWI (1914) |
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1908
1909-obtained license to build Wright Airplanes;
Built 6 Wright airplanes
1913-built their own seaplane with folding wings to park on ships |
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1909-Latham tried but crashed;
But received first weather info via telegraph;
Later in 1909-flew Bleriot across English Channel-success |
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1908-1910-tried to build 2 helicopters but failed and turned to building airplanes;
1911-qualified for pilot's license
1912-won military flying competition
1913-introduced the four engine "Grand
"-cockpit, cloth seats, 4 engines; |
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1907
organized teh Aerial Experiment Association to build a practical airplane; Glenn Curtiss was a member |
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2nd only to Wright Brothers;
Designed aicraft: that could takeoff and land on ships, flying boats, and hydroplanes;
Navy purchased 14 pusher seaplanes from him (1911-1914);
Fastest man alive-1907, set speed record at 137 mph;
Father of Naval Aviation |
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Term
| Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company |
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Definition
largest aircraft manufacturer in WWI;
Produced 10,000 aircraft in WWI;
World's largest aviation company;
100 aircraft produced per week |
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Definition
Formed at turn of century;
Recognized international licensing;
Issued pilot certificates;
Promoted Safety
Licenses went to well known aviators |
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Definition
| 21 years old;3 solo flights under supervision; demonstrate safe flying skills |
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1st woman pilot
Certificate No. 37
1911 |
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1909
1st international airshow at Rheims, France; 23 aircraft entered; competed for speed, distance, and duration of flight; records were set and reset |
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| Hearst Transcontinental Offer |
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Definition
$50,000;
must be flown in 30 days;
1911;
Cal Rodgers flew Wright Model B;
Took 49 days;
Crashes and repairs;
No prize;
First to fly transcontinental |
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Term
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Definition
| 10,000 pounds to cross the Atlantic Ocean |
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Term
| Airplane Engine Productions |
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Definition
| Seguins - cousins of Montgolfier Brothers; 1907; 7 cylinder rotary engine; 165lbs; 50hp |
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Definition
Manufacturers taught customers how to fly;
Opened flight schools-Bleriot airplane and school;
1914-Britain had 13 civilian flight schools; |
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Definition
Were just fields;
Huffman Prairie OH-used by Wright Brothers;
Fort Myer, VA-used its fairgrounds;
College Park,MD-1909-Army leased field, built hangars, barracks, telephones, and lights for night flight |
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Aerial Roads-lines of visual aids;
1911-France and Germany published maps;
1911-1st aeronautical weather services;
1911-international laws-specified aeronautical traffic was free, yet subject to regulations by whatever nation is under the airspace |
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1911-India
1911-US named Earle L. Ovington became first airmail pilot;
1913-Katherine Stinson-1st female airmail pilot |
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1914
St Petersburg to Tampa Airboat Line;
Flew over Tampa Bay;
1 passenger |
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Definition
More nations added small low-budget military forces;
1907-US established an Aeronautical Division with the Signal Corps;
1911-France led world in aviation-1350 airplanes, 1400 engines, 8000 propellers |
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Term
| World War I - German Airships |
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Definition
| Zeppelins - used as reconassiance and as bombers; very vulnerable |
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Definition
Airships replaced by airplanes in 1917 but continued using airships on coast;
German Navy lost 53 of 73 airships (389 men); German Army lost 26 of 52 airships (52 men); |
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Definition
Navy used more than Army - bombing and reconaissance;
lost 37 dirigibles and airships |
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Term
| WWI-British dirigibles and airships |
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Definition
sea scout-blimp-patrolled coast, spot mines, subs, and enemy vessels;
Largest fleet of lighter than air aircraft;
103 at end of the war |
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Definition
Germany: 15 flight schools
France: leading country among Allies
Russia: only 50 combat ready aircraft, and less than 100 pilots |
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US-15
GB-80
Austria-Hungary:110
France:160
Russia:190
Germany:230 |
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| First Black American Military Aviator |
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| flew for Canada, GB, and France (lafayette escadrille) |
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Term
| WWI-Military Aviation Develpments |
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Definition
1914/1915-used for reconaissance;
Pilots started carrying pistols and shooting at each other;
aerial combat started in 1914 with pivoting maching guns mounted to the airplanes;
Bombing: started by throwing out of airplane;
Communication: dropping message bags, signaling by laps, radios;
Forward Fighting |
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Term
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Definition
| added metal plates to his prop and mounted a machine gun |
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Term
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Definition
| Red Baron - shot down 80 planes |
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AC Read and crew;
Airplane-NC4
May 1919
Jumped from ship to ship;
New York to Plymouth England; |
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Term
| Nonstop Transatlantic Flight in 72 hours |
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Definition
Daily Newspaper offered prize;
Alcock and Brown
1919
Newfoundland to Ireland |
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Term
| Airship Crossing Atlantic |
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Definition
| Britain; 1919; Airship R34; 108 hours; Brain to Long Island, NY |
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Term
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Definition
| 1919; Smith Brothers; Flew from London to Darwin, Australia; 235:55:00; Vickers Vimy-bomber |
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Definition
wanted to research extreme altitudes;
Liquid-fueled rocket;
1926-successfully launched a rocket |
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Term
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Definition
Curtiss Jenny was plane of choice;
Relatively cheap to buy |
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Definition
Flew crew: 8 men; 4 airplanes: Boston, Chicago, New Orleans, and Seattle - Dougls World Cruisers;
Completed in 1924;
four men and 2 aircraft completed the trip;
Took 5 months |
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Proponent and critic of military aviation after WWI;
1920-organized aerial mapping of Alaska;
1921-advocated airship development;
1925-wrote 17 page statement for Shenandoah crash-blamed military aviation |
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Definition
| 1926-3 teams raced toward North Pole (2 made it); |
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Definition
1926-flew over north pole
1929-flew over south pole
1st to fly over both |
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Definition
pateras de pescara;
changes the pitch of individual blades of a helicopter during rotation |
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started 1918
New York City to Washington; |
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1921
experimental transcontinental airmail service;
33 hours and 20 minutes(record) |
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