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avi105
practices 2
58
Aviation
Undergraduate 1
11/09/2014

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Term
Corrosion
Definition
A chemical or electrochemical action which takes place inside a metal or on its surface
Term
Most metals exist in nature as a chemical compound such as....
Definition
Oxides or chlorides
Term
Corrosion is a process wherein metals return to....
Definition
A natural state
Term
Forms a greenish film
Definition
Copper and copper alloys
Term
Reddish rusty appearance
Definition
Steel
Term
What type of "metal" appears as surface pitting and etching often combined with grey or white powdery dust
Definition
Aluminum alloys and magnesium
Term
Results from direct exposure of a bare surface to a caustic liquid or gaseous agents
Definition
Chemical corrosion
Term
Takes place when two metals having a different level of chemical activity are touching or are in close proximity in the presence of moisture
Definition
Electrochemical corrosion
Term
The earlier a metal appears, the more easily it gives up electrons, and is referred to an anodic metal
Definition
Electrochemical series
Term
T or F:
Anodic metals corrode easily
Definition
True
Term
T or F:
Cathodic metals give up electrons easily
Definition
False
Cathodic metals do not corrode as easily as anodic metals, therefore they do not give up electrons as easily
Term
The 4 requirements for corrosion
Definition
1) presence of a metal that will corrode
2) presence of a dissimilar conductive material (cathode) which has less tendency to corrode
3) presence of a conductive liquid (electrolyte)
4) electrical contact between the anode and cathode (usually metal to metal contact, or a fastener)
Term
Types of corrosion
Definition
1) Oxidation (Aluminum oxide, iron oxide)
2) uniform Surface
3) pitting
4) galvanic
5) concentration cell (oxygen, metal ion, active-passive)
6) filiform
7) intergranular
8) exfoliation
9) stress
10) fretting
Term
Commonly referred to as dry corrosion
Definition
Oxidation corrosion
When a metal is exposed to a gas containing oxygen, a chemical reaction takes place on the surface between the metal and the gas
Term
Film is unbroken, and once it has formed, further reaction with oxygen slows dramatically
Definition
Aluminum oxide
Term
Forms a porous, interrupted film, which allows the metal to continue to react with oxygen until the metal is completely eaten away
Definition
Iron oxide
Term
Best way to protect from oxidation...
Definition
Keep oxygen away from the surface
Temporary= apply a covering to the surface with oil or grease
Permanent= painting surface
Term
Aluminum alloy can be protected from oxidation by the formation of an oxide film on the surface. This film insulates the aluminum from any electrolyte, and prevents further reaction with oxygen
Definition
Cladding (Aclad) aluminum
Term
When an area of unprotected metal is exposed to an atmosphere containing battery fumes, exhaust gasses, or industrial contaminants, a uniform attack over the entire surface occurs.
Definition
Uniform surface corrosion
Term
Appearance of uniform surface corrosion
Definition
Dulling of the surface is caused by microscopic amounts of the metal being converted into corrosion salts.
Sometimes spreads under the surface, and cannot be detected, but the paint over the surface starts to blister
Term
Likely a result of uniform surface corrosion that has been left untreated.
Usually detected by the appearance of clumps of white powder on the surface
Definition
Pitting corrosion
Term
Occurs any time two dissimilar metals make electrical contact in the presence of an electrolyte.
Definition
Galvanic corrosion
(Two dissimilar metals skins are riveted together
Aluminum inspection plates are held on with steel screws.)
Term
Sometimes referred to as crevice corrosion
Is corrosion of metals in a metal to metal joint, corrosion at the edge of a joint, even though the metals are identical, or corrosion of a spot on a metals surface covered by a foreign material
Definition
Concentration cell corrosion
Term
Forms when water covers the surface of the aluminum aircraft skin and seeds into the cracks between lap joints.
This type of corrosion attacks the areas where there is no oxygen, under the bolt heads, loose fittings, marking tape
Definition
Oxygen concentration cell corosion
Term
Forms due to the electrode potential within a metal.
Definition
Metal ion concentration cell corrosion
Term
Usually attacks metals which depend on a tightly bonded passive film, such as an oxide or corrosion protection.
Definition
Active passive cells
Term
A form of oxygen concentration cell corrosion which occurs on metal surfaces having an organic coating system.
Appears as puffiness under the paint film and his first noticed around rivet head and a long lap joints.
Definition
Filiform corrosion
Term
Corrosion which attacks along the grain boundaries of a material
Definition
Intergranular corrosion
Term
An extreme case of intergranular corrosion.
Occurs along grain boundaries and causes the material to separate, or delaminate
Definition
Exfoliation corrosion
Term
Occurs when a metal is subjected to a tensile stress in the presence of a corrosive environment.
Definition
Stress corrosion
Term
When two surfaces fit tightly together, but can move relative to one another.
Definition
Fretting corrosion
Term
Corrosive agents (2)
Form effective electrolytes as they react with metals to form metallic salts
Definition
1) Acids
2) Alkalis
Term
Basic tools for visual inspection
Definition
1) mirror
2 magnifying lens
3) flashlight
4) borescope
5) fiberoptic scope
6) video scope
Term
Small lens mounted on extension with built-in light source
Definition
Borescope
Term
Small lens mounted on extension with built-in light source, has flexible articulating probe, uses glass fibers to transmit light from light source
Definition
Fiberoptic scope
Term
Video scope
Definition
Similar to fiber optic scope but electronically made image , easily allows pictures, video, and other features
Term
Weld inspection parameters (6)
Definition
1) uniform width
2) even ripples
3) smooth taper of bead into base metal
4) no burn marks or signs of overheating
5) no oxide present within 1/2 inch of the weld
6) should be free of gas pockets, porosity, and inclusions
Term
Five types of welds
Definition
1) lap
2) butt
3) fillet or t-joint
4) edge
5) corner
Term
Penetration of a butt weld
Definition
100% penetration
Term
Penetration of a fillet weld
Definition
25 to 50 percent
Term
Signs of a poor weld
Definition
1) too much acetylene (causes metal to boil- bumps in center, cratered edge)
2) cold weld (lack of penetration, irregular edges)
3) too much heat (long pointed ripples, pitting on edges)
4) rapid cooling (cracking near edges of weld)
Term
T or F
If poor welds are detected you may not ground out and reweld them
Definition
False
Term
Liquid penetrant inspection
Definition
Used to inspect for cracks and surface irregularities
Term
Liquid penetrant inspection process
Definition
Area in question is covered with low viscosity low surface tension penetrating liquid
Allowed to stand on surface so it can be whipped into surface faults
Excess is then washed from service
Developer is then applied to surface
Term
Two types of liquid penetrant inspections
Definition
Fluorescent
Colored
Term
Magnetic particle inspection
Definition
-Most often used for inspection of parts made of iron or iron alloys.
-Part is magnetized an oxide containing magnetic particles is poured or sprayed on parts surface.
-Discontinuous use create disruptions in parts service.
-Magnetic particles aligned with disruptions
Term
Ultrasonic inspection
Definition
Uses sound waves.
Requires access to only one side.
Detects surface and subsurface faults
Term
List four types of non destructive inspection
Definition
1) visual
2) liquid penetrant
3) magnetic particle
4) eddy current
5) ultrasonic
6) xray
Term
What type of material does eddy current work on
Definition
Metals only
Term
X-ray inspection process
Definition
Exposed film.
Develop film.
Interpret the results
Term
What fluid is carried in the line identified by the color code Red?
Definition
Fuel
Term
List the three classes of fluid lines
Definition
1) pipes (rigid fluid lines)
2) tubes (semi-rigid fluid lines)
3) hoses (flexible fluid lines)
Term
How are tubes measured?
Definition
Wall thickness
O.D. (1/16th of an inch increments)
Term
How are hoses measured?
Definition
I.D. (1/16th increments)
Term
List three materials used to manufacture tubes
Definition
1) aluminum
2) copper
3) corrosion resistant steel
4) titanium
Term
Where are hoses normally installed?
Definition
Where stationary parts are connected to moveable parts or areas of vibration
Term
How should hoses be stored?
Definition
Dark, dry place
Term
What is the cone angle for a flare on aviation tubing and fittings?
Definition
37°
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