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Autonomic Nervous System
Gross Anatomy, LLUSOM 2014
34
Medical
Professional
09/19/2010

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Term

 

A 23 y/o man recieved a gunshot wound and his greater splanchnic nerve was destroyed. Which of the following nerve fibers would be injured?

A) general somatic afferent and pre-ganglionic sympathetic fibers

 B) General visceral afferent and post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers

C)General visceral afferent and preganglionic sympathetic fibers

 D)General somatic efferent and postganglionic sympathetic fibers

 E) General visceral afferent and general somatic efferent

Definition
C) The greater splanchnic nerves contain general visceral afferent and preganglionic sympathetic general visceral efferent fibers (BRS)
Term

A 17 y/o boy was involved in a gang fight and a stab wound severed the white rami communcantes at T6. This injury would result in degerantion of nerve cell bodies in which of the following structures?

 A)Dorsal root ganglion and anterior horn of spinal cord B)Sympathetic chain ganglion and dorsal root ganglion C)Sympathetic chian ganlion and posterior horn of the spinal cord

D)Dorsal root ganglion and lateral horn of the spinal cord

E)Anterior and Lateral horns of the spinal cord

Definition
D)Dorsal root ganglion and lateral horn of the spinal cord The white rami communcates contain preganglionic sympathetic gernal visceral efferent fibers and general visceral afferent fibers whose cell bodies are located in the lateral horn of the spinal cord and the dorsal root ganglion.
Term

A 21 y/o patient with a stab wound reveals a laceration of the right vagus nerve proximal to the origion of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Which of the following conditions would most likely result?

A) Contraction of the bronchial muscle

 B) Stimulation of bronchial gland secreation

 C) Dilation of the bronchial lumen

 D) Decrease in cardiac rate

E) Constriction of the coronary artery

Definition
C) Dilation of the bronchial lumen The parasympathetic nerve fibers in the vagus nerve sconstric teh bronchial lumen, contract bronchial smooth muscle, stimluate gland secretion, decrease heart rate and constrict coronary artery. The vagus n. also carries afferent fibers of pain, cough, reflex and stretch of the lung (during inspiration)
Term
What is the parasympathetic effect of the Occulomotor n (CN III)?
Definition
pupillary constriction

(Horner's syndrome lose sympathetic so parasympathetic causes constriction of pupil)
Term
What is the parasympathetic effect of the Facial n. (CN VII)?
Definition
increase secretion
Term
What is the parasympathetic effect of the glossopharyngeal n. (CN IX)?
Definition
increase secretion
Term
What is the parasympathetic effect of the vagus n (CN X)?
Definition
decrease heart rate
Bronchial constriction
Increase blood flow to gut
Increase penstalsis and secretion
Term
What is the parasympathetic effect of the sacral splanchnic nerve?
Definition
decreases peristlsis
contract internal anal spincter
promtes breakdown of stored glycogen
slowed urine production
Term
How is the suprarenal adrenal gland unique?
Definition
It secretes norepinephrine and epinephrine into the blood stream producing a whole-body flight or flight responce.
Term
What is the location of sympathetic preganglionc cell bodies
Definition

lateral horn of T1-L2

dorsal root ganglion

Term
What is the location of parasympathetic preganglionc cell bodies
Definition
General visceral efferent fibers of CN III, VII, IX, X

Intermediate gray spinal segments S2-4
Term
What is the location of parasympathetic preganglionc cell fibers
Definition
pelvic nerves
CN III, VII, IX, X
Term
What is the location of sympathetic preganglionc cell fibers
Definition
white rami T1-L3
sympathetic trunk
splanchnic nerves
Term
what is the location of sympathetic postganglionic cell bodies?
Definition
paravertebral ganglia
prevertebral ganglia
Term
what is the location of sympathetic postganglionic cell fibers?
Definition
Fibers to structures of the of body wall and limbs in gray rami and spinal nerves

plexuses assciated with arteries supplying organs
Term
what is the location of parasympathetic postganglionic cell bodies?
Definition
ganglion clusters in walls of viscera
Term
what is the location of parasympathetic postganglionic cell fibers?
Definition
within viscera of body cavities, accompanying trigeminal nerve branches in the head
Term
What are the target effectors of the sympathetics?
Definition
Smooth muscle
Cardiac Muscle
Secretory cells
Term
What are the target effectors of the parasympathetics?
Definition
Viscera of head and thorax, abdominal and pelvic cavities
Term
Whats is the primary neurostransmitter of preganglionic neurons in the sympathetics?
Definition
ACh
Term
Whats is the primary neurostransmitter of preganglionic neurons in the parasympathetics?
Definition
ACh
Term
Whats is the primary neurostransmitter of postganglionic neurons in the sympathetics?
Definition
Norepinephrine

**except sweat glands use ACh**
Term
Whats is the primary neurostransmitter of postganglionic neurons in the parasympathetics?
Definition
ACh
Term
Neuropeptides of postganglionic neurons in sympathetics?
Definition
Neuropeptide Y and others
Term
Neuropeptides of postganglionic neurons in parasympathetics?
Definition
vasocative intestinal polypeptide and others
Term
General physiologic effects of sympathetics?
Definition
Mobilization of resources for intense activity
Term
general physiological effects of parasympathetics?
Definition
Promotion of restorative processes
Term
what caues Increase blood flow to skin?
Definition
parasympathetic stimulation
Term
what causes pupil dilation?
Definition
sympathetic stimulation
Term
what causes decrease tear flow?
Definition
sympathetic stimulation
Term
what causes decreased cardiac output?
Definition
parasympathetic stimulation
Term
what causes increased pancreatic insulin secretion
Definition
parasympathetic stimulation
Term
what causes a postive effect on ejaculation
Definition
sympathetic stimulation
Term
what causes Decreased bronchial diameter
Definition
parasympathetic stimulation
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