Term
|
Definition
parasympathetic NS
maintains essential body functions and is required for life |
|
|
Term
| what are the 6 functions of the parasympathetic nervous system? |
|
Definition
protect eye, heart and respiratory system
Aids in digestion, urination, defecation, and procreation. |
|
|
Term
| What is miosis (eye protection)? |
|
Definition
When pupil constrict to protect eye from light.
Driven by 3rd nerve (occulomotor) |
|
|
Term
| What does lacrimation mean(eye protection)? |
|
Definition
| when glands secrete fluid to protect the eye |
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|
Term
| Sympathetic actions are due to both direct _ and by stimulation of the _? |
|
Definition
stimulation, adrenal medulla
increases heart rate and BP |
|
|
Term
| What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system kicks in? |
|
Definition
Mobilize energy stores
increase blood flow from skin and internal organs to skeletal muscle and heart
dilation of pupils and bronchioles
(used to adjust the body to stressful situation but not needed for life) |
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|
Term
| The sympathetic system is also known as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the Parasympathetic NS, bronchioles _ and _ while in the sympathetic, they _. |
|
Definition
| constrict and secrete. Dilate |
|
|
Term
| Where do the sympathetic neurons originate? |
|
Definition
| Thoracic and Lumbar regions of spinal cord |
|
|
Term
| where do parasympathetic neurons originate? |
|
Definition
| From cranial nerves (III, VII, X) and from sacral areas of the spinal cord. |
|
|
Term
| What are some examples of an effector? |
|
Definition
smooth muscle of viscera
heart
vasculature
exocrine glands |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between a synapse and a junction? |
|
Definition
a synapse is the space between nerves and junction is the space between the nerve and effector organ.
gap between neuron and effector aka neuroeffector gap/neuromscular gap |
|
|
Term
| The central nervous system consists of nerve in the .. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Neurons entering or leaving the CNS are also known as.. |
|
Definition
| peripheral nervous system (PNS) |
|
|
Term
| In the sympathetic NS, preganglionic nerve is relatively _? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sympathetic nervous system.
dilates eyes, increases blood flow to skeletal muscle, etc.
works more as a unit (para does not) |
|
|
Term
| Heart rate is predominantly under the control of which NS? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What NS innervates the arteries and veins, with the exception of the blushing vessels in face and penis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the baroreceptor reflexes? |
|
Definition
dec BP, Para outflow which dec HR
Inc Sympathetic outflow and HR, VR, CF, TPR |
|
|
Term
| Where are baroreceptors located? |
|
Definition
| carotids, vena cava, aortic arch (fewer impulses to CNS) |
|
|
Term
| What is the primary neurotransmitter of all parasympathetic neurons? |
|
Definition
Acetylcholine (ACH)
Any system involved with the ACH is called cholinergic. |
|
|
Term
| Where can nicotinic receptors be found? |
|
Definition
Skeletal muscles
ACH receptors (nicotinic receptors) are found here.
If you give nicotine through IV, there muscles will quiver |
|
|
Term
| Alpha receptors are excitatory everywhere except? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Beta receptors are inhibitory everywhere except the _. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Epinephrine binds to which receptors? |
|
Definition
| Alpha 1 and 2, Beta 1,2,3 |
|
|
Term
| Which receptors are bound by norepinephrine? |
|
Definition
| Alpha 1 and 2, and Beta 1 |
|
|
Term
| What is the main role of dopamine 1 receptors? |
|
Definition
dilate renal arteries to increase perfusion of kidneys
found in the kidneys |
|
|
Term
| Discuss the characteristics of alpha 1 receptor. |
|
Definition
Adrenergic
located in smooth muscle
excitatory |
|
|
Term
| Name the 4 neurotransmitters. |
|
Definition
Acetylcholine (Ach)
Norephinephrine (NE)
Epinephrine (Epi)
Doapine (D) |
|
|
Term
| What are the different receptors? |
|
Definition
Nicotinic (N)
Adrenergic (alpha and beta)
muscarinic (M) |
|
|
Term
| List the characteristic of alpha 2. |
|
Definition
located on presynaptic terminal (not effector organ)
inhibitory
found in the gut |
|
|
Term
| Describe Beta 1 receptor. |
|
Definition
found on *heart and kidney
excitatory |
|
|
Term
| What are the characteristics of alpha 1? |
|
Definition
smooth muscles
excitatory
found almost everywhere |
|
|
Term
| what are the characteristics of Beta 2 receptors? |
|
Definition
smooth muscle and heart
inhibitory/excitatory
not innervated |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of B3 receptor? |
|
Definition
Lipolysis
found on adipose tissue and releases free fatty acids into blood stream |
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