Term
| T or F: No single theory or mechanism has been identified as a cause for autoimmune diseases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: ABY expression appears to be regulated by a set of interacting factors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: Autoimmune diseases occur more frequently in Women than men |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: Presence of certain HLAs associated with Increased risk of certain autoimmune states |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: Incidence of autoantibodies increases steadily with age |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the peak age for autoantibodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| UV radiation, drugs, viruses, chronic infectious disease |
|
|
Term
| 1st Immunopathogenic mechanisms |
|
Definition
| Release of sequestered antigens |
|
|
Term
| 2nd Immunopathogenic mechanisms |
|
Definition
| Altered AGNs as result of chemical, physical, or biologic processes |
|
|
Term
| 3rd Immunopathogenic mechanisms |
|
Definition
| MOs with contain AGNs that closely resemble self-AGN (molecular mimicry) |
|
|
Term
| 6 Systemic Autoimmune Diseases |
|
Definition
| SLE, RA, Sjogren Syndrome, Progressive Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma), Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis, Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD) |
|
|
Term
| 10 Organ specific autoimmune diseases |
|
Definition
Autoimmune thyroid disease-Hashimotos's thyroiditis
Autoimmune thyroid disease-Grave's disease
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
MS
Myasthenia gravis
Goodpasture's syndrome
Pernicious anemia
Addison's disease
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ABY to Gastric parietal cells, intrinsic factor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Autoimmune hemolytic anemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ABY to glomerular basement membrane
Loss of renal function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Autoantibody to Acetylcholine receptor |
|
|
Term
| Symptoms of Myasthenia gravis |
|
Definition
| Facial weakness, difficulty in chewing and swallowing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Destruction of myelin sheath of CNS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lesions (Plaques) in white matter in brain and spinal cord |
|
|
Term
| Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus |
|
Definition
Insufficient insulin production
Autoantibodies to Beta cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
HYPERthyroidism
ABY to thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
HYPOthyroidism
Destruction of thyroid |
|
|
Term
| Mixed Connective Tissue Disease |
|
Definition
| Has features of SLE, Scleroderma, polymyositis, and RA |
|
|
Term
| Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis |
|
Definition
| Multisystem (involves skin and muscle) |
|
|
Term
| Second most common CT disorder |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CREST varient is found with which disease? |
|
Definition
| Progressive Systemic Sclerosis |
|
|
Term
| Progressive Systemic Sclerosis |
|
Definition
Excessive collagen deposition in the skin and internal organs
Humoral and cellular immune system abnormalitites |
|
|
Term
| Progressive Systemic Sclerosis Generalized form |
|
Definition
| Severe and progressive disease of the skin and internal organs |
|
|
Term
| Symptoms of Progressive Systemic Sclerosis |
|
Definition
Edema; tightening and thickening of skin, join pain
Internal organ complaints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Raynaud phenomenon and stone facies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tightening of facial skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Intermittent, bilateral attacks of ischemia of the fingers or toes. |
|
|
Term
| Clinical manifestations of Sjogren Syndrome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lab findings: Increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, Elevated C-reactive protein, C' component levels altered; Elevated initially and Depressed with severe disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies |
|
|
Term
| T or F: RF is the main test for RA, but many physicians test for both |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which type of test does Anti-CCP fall under? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| IgM directed against the Fc portion of IgG |
|
|
Term
| 2 Detection methods for RF |
|
Definition
Agglutination tests: Latex & RBC
Nephelometry & ELISA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Involves synovial membrane of multiple joints |
|
|
Term
| Clinical signs of Rheumatoid Arthritis |
|
Definition
| Join stiffness, swelling, subcutaneous nodules around joints |
|
|
Term
| T or F: RA can lead to permanent joint deformity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: ANA is a screening test for SLE & other autoimmune diseases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: Low levels in ANA may be found in normal individuals, especially the elderly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does FANA stand for? |
|
Definition
| Fluorescent antinuclear antibody testing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Indirect Enzyme ABY method (5) |
|
Definition
1. AGN on slide
2. Patient serum added
incubate and rinse
3. Anti-human ABY labeled with enzyme (horseradish peroxidase) added
incubate and rinse
4. Substrate added & color formed if ABY present
5. Examine with Light Microscope |
|
|
Term
| Indirect Enzyme ABY Test Substrate |
|
Definition
| Hep-2 (human laryngeal carcinoma cells) |
|
|
Term
| T or F: Use an asynchronous cell preparation because some autoantibodies directed to AGNs that appear at different times in the cell cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: to interpret test results cells in interphase/metaphase stage of mitosis are examined |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chronic systemic inflammatory disease; multisystem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Loss of tolerance leads to polyclonal B cell hyperactivity
2. Autoantibodies produced
3. Immune complexes formed (in circulation and in tissues)
4. Tissue injury |
|
|
Term
| Immunologic findings of SLE |
|
Definition
Autoantibodies
Complement levels affected
Lupus erythematosus cell: Neutrophil engulfing ABY-coated nucleus of neutrophils |
|
|
Term
| How are complement levels affected in SLE |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Clinical manifestations of SLE |
|
Definition
| Skin manifestations, joint problems, nonspecific symptoms, Renal disease, other body sites |
|
|
Term
| What are the other body sites consistent with SLE |
|
Definition
| Heart, CNS, Hematologic abnormalities |
|
|
Term
| 2 Skin Manifestations of SLE |
|
Definition
Classic Butterfly rash on face
Erythematous rash |
|
|
Term
| What is an Erythematous rash? |
|
Definition
| Any area of body exposed to UV light causes a rash |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Uniform staining of entire nucleus & Staining of chromosome region of metaphase cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| SLE, Sjogren Syndrome, Rrheumatoid arthritis, Mixed Connective Tissue Disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Solid staining around the outer region of the nucleus & Staining of chromosome region of metaphase cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Very suggestive of active SLE
May be seen with Sjogren Syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Discrete speckles in nucleus & Staining of nonchromosome region of metaphase cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the extractable AGNs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| SLE, Sjogren Syndrome, RA, MCTD, Progressive systemic sclerosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Large coarse speckled staining in nucleus & Staining of nonchromosome region of metaphase cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| RNA polymerase, Nucleolar RNA, Nucleolar protein, & Scl-70 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sjogren Syndrome
Progressive systemic sclerosis |
|
|
Term
| Anti-centromere antibody (ACA) |
|
Definition
| Discrete nuclear speckles usually multiple of 23 & Same reaction seen in mitotic region of metaphase cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Highly selective for CREST variant of progressive systemic sclerosis |
|
|
Term
| 4 Testing methods for Specific ABYs |
|
Definition
Indirect Fluorescent ABY test
Indirect Enzyme ABY method
Immunodiffusion
ELISA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Saline extractable; riboproteins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Specific for SLE (30% patients) |
|
|
Term
| Anti-SS-A/Ro & Anti-SS-B/La |
|
Definition
| Sjogren Syndrome A and Sjogren Syndrome B AGNs |
|
|
Term
| Diseases with Anti-SSA/SSB |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does Anti-RNP / Anti-nRNP stand for? |
|
Definition
| Anti-nuclear ribonuclear protein |
|
|
Term
| Diseases associated with Anti-RNP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most specific test for SLE |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: Anti-ds-DNA is seen only in patients with lupus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Indirect fluorescent ABY test or EIA |
|
|
Term
| Crithidia test microorganism |
|
Definition
| Crithidia luciliae, a protozoan |
|
|
Term
| Where is the dsDNA found in the Crithidia test? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: No histones/DNA-bound AGNs in kinetoplast |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nucleoprotein major constituent of chromatin |
|
|
Term
| Anti-histone ABY Diseases |
|
Definition
| SLE, DRUG-Induced Lupus, RA, & other diseases |
|
|
Term
| T or F: in Anti-histone ABY if no other ABY present very likely drug-induced lupus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| DNA complexed with histone |
|
|
Term
| T or F: Anti-DNP though to be LE factor: responsible for LE cell or phenomenon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Patterns associated with Anti-Scl-70 |
|
Definition
Speckled
Variable nucleolar |
|
|
Term
| Anti-Scl-70 is Marker ABY for scleroderma patients with _____ _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fully automated system based on flow cytometry principles
Simultaneously measures Multiple specific ANA ABYs
Reduces cost & labor |
|
|
