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Atypical Pneumonia
Pulmonary Module
41
Medical
Graduate
10/31/2009

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are the three atypical pneumonias?
Definition

legionella (can also be lobar)

mycoplasma

chlamydia

Term
What is the most common serotype of legionella?
Definition
serotype 1
Term
What is the gram stain of legionella?
Definition
gram negative
Term
What is the source of infection for legionella?
Definition
the environment (NOT HUMAN)
Term
What are the two ways of legionella transmission?
Definition

aerosols

microaspiration

Term
What type of immunity responds to legionella and why?
Definition
cell-mediated because it is an intracellular bacteria
Term
Where is legionella found in the alveolar spaces?
Definition
within the dust cells
Term
Where in the lung does legionella do its damage?
Definition
in the bronchioles and alveoli
Term
What is pontiac fever and what bacteria causes it?
Definition

Pontiac fever is mild influenza with fever, chills, malaise, headace

 

it occurs in legionella infection

Term
If you have a patient with an atypical pneumonia that is not showing up on gram stain but with many WBC, what bacteria should come to mind?
Definition
legionella
Term
If a patient is not responding to conventional antibiotic in conjuction with cultures not revealing a pathogen, what should be considered?
Definition
legionella
Term
Why might legionella not grow on cultures when you ask for them in the lab?
Definition
becuase it has specific growth requirements,  Buffered charcoal yeast extract
Term
What culture medium does legionella require?
Definition
bufffered charcoal yeast extract
Term
What is the gold standard for detecting legionella?
Definition
buffered charcoal yeast extract culture
Term
What is the disadvantage to doing direct flurorescent antibody testing of legionella?
Definition
it is serogroup dependent so you would have to do it 15 times
Term
What two bacterias have urine antigen tests?
Definition
legionella and Pneumococcus
Term
What is the disadvantage to legionella urine antigen test?
Definition
it only detects serogroup 1
Term
What is the advantage to urine antigen test for legionella?
Definition
for small community lab that does not have ability to do charcoal yeast extract culture, it can at least verify legionella if suspected.  CANNOT r/o legionella becuase it only detects serotype 1
Term
What two general categories of drugs treat legionella? (think classes that treat atypical)
Definition

macrolides

quinolones

Term
What is true of mycoplasma pneumoniae cell wall?
Definition
trick question: it doesn't have one
Term

How many antigens are there to mycoplasma?

 

 

Definition
only one
Term
What atypical pneumonia has P1 antigen that mediates attachment?
Definition
mycoplasma
Term
What was mycoplasma once called by the lay person and why?
Definition
walking pneumonia b/c it is slow growing and not that severe
Term
What makes mycoplasma not as severe as other forms of pneumonia?
Definition
it is nondestructive
Term
Where do you see the majority of mycoplasma outbreaks?
Definition
military recruits and prisons
Term
What drug can you definately not give to mycoplasma pneumonia patients?
Definition
PCN because it has no cell wall
Term
What type of otitis media occurs in mycoplama pneumonia?
Definition
bullous
Term
How is mycoplasm diagnosised?
Definition
serology for IgM
Term
Why are chlamydia organisms intracellular?  WHat cant they make?
Definition
becuase they cannot make their own ATP
Term
What bacteria is known as bridge organisms?
Definition
chlamydia
Term

What are the two bodies in the life cycle of chlamydia?

 

What are they each invovled in?

Definition

elementary bodies-entry into cell (extracellular)

reticular bodies-replication

Term
What is the gold standard test in diagnosis of chlamydia?
Definition
culture
Term
What is the problem with culture of chlamydia?
Definition
expensive
Term
What is usually done to diagnosis chlamydia?
Definition
nucleic acid amplification
Term
What are the serotypes involved in trachoma in chlamydia trachomatis?
Definition

A, B, C

 

D, K

 

L1 L2 L3

Term
What does C. Trachomatis cause?
Definition

keratoconjunctivitis

lymphogranuloma venereum

urethritis, cervicitis, PID epididymitis

Pneumonitis in newborns

 

Term
What respiratory disease does C. Trachomatis cause?
Definition
cauases pneumonitis in newborns when he/she passes through birth canal
Term
What is the serotype for Chlamydia pneumoniae?
Definition
TWAR
Term
What other bacteria is most like C. Pneumoniae in comparison to its clincial course?
Definition
mycoplasma
Term
What is Chlamydia psittaci associated with?
Definition
birds
Term
What is the patogenesis of C. psittaci?
Definition
RES
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