Term
| Why are models used by scientists? |
|
Definition
| to help describe their observations |
|
|
Term
| How did Aristotle describe the atom? |
|
Definition
| solid structures that could not be broken down into smaller parts. |
|
|
Term
| What is the Atomic Theory? |
|
Definition
| The atom is the smallest particle that an element can be divided into and still be the same element. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| uncut able particles; always moving; can join together to make new material |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all substances made up of atoms; can't be created or destroyed; atoms of the same elements are alike; atoms can join together to make new substances. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| discovered negative particles with cathode ray tube; must also have positive particles; plum pudding model |
|
|
Term
| What are negative particles called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| electrons imbedded in positive material. |
|
|
Term
| What experiment did Rutherford do in 1907? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| shot particles at gold foil; most went straight through; some deflected; some bounced straight. |
|
|
Term
| In 1907 Rutherford developed a new model? What is it? |
|
Definition
| There is a dense centrally located nucleus with electrons moving through mostly empty space. |
|
|
Term
| What model did Bohr create? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the planetary model? |
|
Definition
| central nucleus with electrons mving in definite orbits. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| describes an area around the nucleus that is likely to contain electrons. This cloud area is about 100,000 times greater in diameter than the nucleus. |
|
|
Term
| In the Electron cloud theory how fast do the electrons move? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| electrons closest to the nucleus have the lowest energy levels. Electrons that are farthest away have the most energy. |
|
|
Term
| First energy level is also called _______________________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| First energy level is closest to the ___________________ and can hold 2 ___________________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The second level of energy has one __________________ area and 3 ______________________ areas and can hold __________ electrons. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The third energy level is shaped like the ____________ only larger. It can hold up to ____________ electrons. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Energy level Summary
Number of electrons in each energy level:
1st : _________
2nd: __________
3rd: ___________
4th; _________ |
|
Definition
1st- 2 electrons
2nd- 8 electrons
3rd- 18 electrons
4th- 32 electrons |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between soluble and insoluble? |
|
Definition
| Soluble substances dissolve and insoluble substances don't dissolve. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| this is an abbreviated way to write the name of an element. |
|
|
Term
| What is centrally located in an atom? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does a nucleus contain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What takes up most of an atom's mass? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| positively charged particles in the nucleus |
|
|
Term
| What holds quarks together in protons and neutrons together? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| located in the nucleus and have NO charge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| negatively charged particles that orbit around the nucleus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The number of protons in a nucleus |
|
|
Term
| What identifies the kind of atom? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are used to measure the mass of an atom? |
|
Definition
|
|
