Term
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Definition
basic building blocks of matter
represents the smallest particle of an element
consists of subatomic particles
no net change (electrically neutral) |
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Term
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Definition
made up of atoms
smallest particle into which an element or compound can be divided into w/o changing its properties |
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Term
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Definition
| neutrons, protons, electrons |
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Term
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Definition
neutral charge
located in nucleus
1 amu
symbol = n |
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Term
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Definition
+ charge
1 amu
symbol = p
located in nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
- charge
1/1837
symbol = e-
located in motion at some distance outside the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
the amount of protons in a given element
an atom is electrically neutral = same # of electrons as protons
used to identify elements (each element has a specific atomic #)
symbol = z
written as subscript |
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Term
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Definition
the number of neutrons and protons in a given element
symbol = A
written as superscript |
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Term
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Definition
variations of a particular element
same element (same atomic number), but different mass (mass number)
due to an excess/lack of neutrons |
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Term
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Definition
| a weighted average of the mass of all its isotopes |
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Term
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Definition
1. multiply mass # of each naturally occuring isotopes by their corresponding percent abundance (in decimal form)
2. add all results together |
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Term
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Definition
an element that has lost or gained an electron, thus giving it a charge
1. + ions = cations
2. - ions = anions |
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Term
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Definition
| found in the space of the atom around the nucleus in orbitals |
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Term
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Definition
region where an electron can most probably be found
can only hold a max of 2 electrons
contain sublevels that have their own electrons
aka energy levels |
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Term
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Definition
s = max of 2
p = max of 6
d = max of 10
f = max of 14
orbital 1 = s
orbital 2 = s, p
orbital 3 = s, p, d
orbital 4 = s, p, d, f |
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Term
| Pronounced "Offbow" (person) |
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Definition
| Must fill the shell or subshell with the least energy first |
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Term
| Pronounced "Hun" (person) |
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Definition
electrons are lazy
prefer to be alone, away from other electrons |
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Term
| Pronounced "Polly" (person) |
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Definition
| electrons in the same orbit travel in opposite directions of each other |
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Term
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Definition
| electrons in the lowest possible energy level |
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Term
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Definition
| electrons absorb energy and jump to a higher energy level (further from nucleus) |
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Term
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Definition
| absorb energy = endothermic |
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Term
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Definition
| releas energy in the form of light (photons) = exothermic |
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Term
| Periodic Table Electron Configuration Model Exceptions |
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Definition
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