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atoms and bonds
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18
Science
9th Grade
11/19/2009

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Term
isotope:?? what does it affect?
Definition
an atom with a different number of neutrons then usual, effects atomic mass but not atomic number
Term
whats an element?
Definition
a substance made up of only one type of atom
Term
what is an ion?
Definition
a charged atom with more or less electrons then usual
Term
What is a probability cloud?
Definition
a certain place in the atom where it is most probable to find electrons
Term
electronegativity:
Definition
the ability of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons to itselfwhen bonded to another atom
Term
list 5 groups on the periodic table
Definition
metals, transition metals, halogens, metalloids, nonmetals, alkali metals, alkali earth metals, lanthanoids, actinoids
Term
hydrogen bond
Definition
a strong dipole dipole attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a pair of nonbonding electrons on another molecule
Term
ionic bond
Definition
chemical bond in which an attractve electric force holds ions of opposite charges together (atoms "give" electrons)
Term
covalant bond
Definition
a chemical bond in which atoms are held together by their mutual attractionfor the two electrons they share
(atoms "share"!!)
Term
octet rule
Definition
rule stating that atoms lose and gain electrons to aquire the outer shell configuration that has 8 electrons in the outer shell
Term
mixture
Definition
a mix of two substances where each substance keeps its own properties
Term
molecule
Definition
a group of atoms held tightly together by covalant bonds
Term
polar bond
Definition
a chemical bond that has a dipole
Term
solubility:
Definition
the ability of a solute to dissolve in a given solvent
Term
solute:
Definition
any componant in a solution thats not the solvent
Term
solution:
Definition
a homogeneous mixture in which all componants are dissolved into the same phase
Term
solvent:
Definition
the componant in a solution present in the largest amount
Term
how do ionic bonds differ from covalant bonds?
Definition
ionic bonds give electrons, one atom has more then the other, polar bond.... covalant shares the electrons both have equal amounts, nonpolar bond
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