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Atomic Structure
Atomic Structure
57
Chemistry
11th Grade
01/14/2015

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Term
aufabau principle
Definition
process of building
Term
isotopes
Definition
development that has shown that the atomic theory has a faulty point
Term
cathode
Definition
negative electrode
Term
protium
Definition
known isotope of hydrogen that has the least number of neutrons
Term
hertz
Definition
one cycle per second
Term
proton
Definition
subatomic particle that determines the identity of an element
Term
Avogadro
Definition
proposed the number 6.02 x 10 to the 23rd power
Term
ground state
Definition
lowest energy state of an electron
Term
atomic mass
Definition
sum of the number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus
Term
bohr model
Definition
planetary model of the atom
Term
law of definite proportions
Definition
specific substances contain a constant ration of elements by mass
Term
nucleon
Definition
any particle found in the nucleus
Term
wavelength
Definition
distance between the peaks of a wave
Term
atomic number
Definition
represents the number of protons in an atom
Term
photon
Definition
measure of a quantum of radiant energy
Term
law of multiple proportions
Definition
an element combines with another element in several different ratios of small whole numbers
Term
Lavoiser
Definition
developed the law of conservation of mass
Term
frequency
Definition
number of peaks that pass in a given period of time
Term
atomic number
Definition
represents the number of protons in an atom
Term
anode
Definition
positive electrode
Term
bohr model
Definition
proposal that the atom is similar in structure to the solar system
Term
nucleon
Definition
any particle found in the nucleus
Term
nuclide
Definition
a nucleus without any electrons
Term
A
Definition
letter used to denote atomic mass
Term
Dalton
Definition
Responsible for the development of our modern atomic theory
Term
Z
Definition
letter used to denote atomic number
Term
Aristole
Definition
father of chemistry
Term
Pauli Exclusion Principle
Definition
the idea that it is impossible to know both the exact position and momentum of an object at the same time
Term
noble gas
Definition
group VIIIA elements
Term
sublevel
Definition
the letters s, p, d, and f designate what?
Term
orbital
Definition
term for the space that may be occupied by a pair of electrons within a sublevel
Term
alkali metal
Definition
group IA elements
Term
Transition metal
Definition
group B elements
Term
Lanthanide series
Definition
4f elements
Term
metalloid
Definition
group VA elements
Term
actinide series
Definition
5f elements
Term
inner trans. metal
Definition
4f and 5f elements
Term
quantum numbers
Definition
each electron can be identified by a unique set of values
Term
probability
Definition
mathematical chance of finding an electron
Term
alkaline metal
Definition
most active metals
Term
alkaline earth metal
Definition
group IIA elements
Term
Noble gas
Definition
most stable elements
Term
halogens
Definition
Group VII elements
Term
electron configuration
Definition
consists of principal quantum numbers, sublevel letters, and position number in the sublevel
Term
Hunds rule
Definition
theory that essentially says that a single electron is added to each orbital before a second electron is added to any orbital
Term
Lewis dot diagram
Definition
a notation representing the outer energy level electrons around the symbol for the element
Term
quantum theory
Definition
the proposal that energy is given off in packets rather than continuously
Term
Law of multiple proportions
Definition
an element combines with another element in several different ratios of small whole numbers
Term
photoelectric effect
Definition
the release of electrons from the surface of a metal when struck by light
Term
Bohr
Definition
developed the planetary model of the atom
Term
proton
Definition
positive subatomic particle
Term
electron
Definition
negative subatomic particle
Term
Planck
Definition
responsible for the quantum theory
Term
principal quantum number
Definition
corresponds to the first quantum number
Term
orbital
Definition
represented by the third quantum number
Term
electrons
Definition
the subatomic particle with the least mass
Term
neutron
Definition
the subatomic particle with the most mass
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