Term
| What is atopic dermatitis? |
|
Definition
- Eczema - triggered by food allergens, contact, synthetic fiber, stress, or inhaled allergy
- Immune reaction - increased IgE from acute inflammation |
|
|
Term
| What is the atopic triad? |
|
Definition
- Asthma
- Atopic dermatitis
- Allergic rhinitis |
|
|
Term
| What are the characteristics of atopic dermatitis? |
|
Definition
- The itch that rashes - itching results in more rash = hyperirritability
**Childhood - FACE, elbows and knees
**Adults - inside of elbows, knees, and ankles, and hands |
|
|
Term
| What is the presentation of atopic dermatitis? |
|
Definition
Relapsing, symmetrical, dry/red. Itch/scratch cycle
- butterfly rash - confused w/ lupus |
|
|
Term
| What is the step-wise approach to treat eczema? |
|
Definition
- Hydration w/ emollients
- Weeping control w/ astringents
- Topical steroids for itching
- Tar, salicylic acid, lactic acid in aquaphor to heal |
|
|
Term
| How are topical immunomodulators used for eczema? |
|
Definition
-Pimecrolimus/Elidel and tacrolimus/Protopic - 2nd line due to cancer risks. Can be used on the face or for flares.
**Use 0.03% in children older than 2, less than 16 |
|
|
Term
| How are bleach baths used for eczema? |
|
Definition
| Kills skin bacteria including MRSA - 1/2 cup bleach to a tub of warm water. Soak for 10 min twice weekly |
|
|
Term
| What are natural emollients for eczema? |
|
Definition
- Bag balm - hydroxyquinolone can cause cancer
- Avon
- Alpha keri
- Sunflower seed oil |
|
|
Term
| What is contact dermatitis? |
|
Definition
A delayed hypersensitivity rxn to skin exposed to an allergen such as: Neomycin, Bacitracin, benadryl, lanolin, urea, benzocaine, PABA
Nickel, poison ivy, latex, hair dye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dry skin - Seasonal dermatitis that can be cosmetic |
|
|
Term
| What is nonpharmacologic treatment of dry skin? |
|
Definition
- Avoid HOT showers, choose luke-warm instead
- Use gentle moisturizing fragrance-free soap - Cetaphil or Dove
- 3 minute rule - moisturize within 3 minutes of showers. Eucerin, Cetaphil, Aquaphor
**Lubriderm - glycerin
**Vaseline total care - mineral oil |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Colloidal oatmeal - for itching and soothing dry skin |
|
|
Term
| What ingredients for dry skin are emollients/lubricants? |
|
Definition
- Water
- Mineral Oil
- Petrolatum
- Lanolin
- Dimethicone - also a protectant
- Shea butter
- Cetyl Alcohol |
|
|
Term
| What are ingredients for dry skin are humectants? |
|
Definition
**draws water from dermis to epidermis and from air into skin
- Glycerin
- Sorbitol - also for constipation
- Propylene glycol
- Hyaluronic acid
- Lecithin |
|
|
Term
| What are keratin softening agents? |
|
Definition
- Allantoin 0.5-2%
- Glycolic acid/Lactic acid
- Urea 10-30% - softens very crusty skin, can also cause allergic rxns |
|
|
Term
| What are alpha hydroxy acids? |
|
Definition
- Exfoliates - smoother skin, also good for wrinkles. Normalizes keratinization.
Can go up to 70%, only 20% OTC. Use on skin that has been dried, at bedtime. |
|
|
Term
| What can be used as an astringent for wet skin? |
|
Definition
- Aluminum acetate - Burrow's soln
- Aluminum sulfate + calcium acetate = Domeboro
- Hamamelis water = Witch Hazel
- Acetic acid - 50/50
- Sodium Bicarb |
|
|
