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Details

ATLS Neuro
ATLS study
42
Medical
Professional
01/06/2007

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Normal ICP
Definition
10 mm

sustained 20 - bad outcome
Term
Monroe Kellie document
Definition
The total VOLUME of the brain must remain constant
Term
Pressure autoregulation
Definition
Constant flow maintained with mean arterial blood pressures between 50 and 160.
Term
Mean arterial pressure - ICP
Definition
should = 60-70 mmHg
Term
GCS
Definition
Objective clinical measure of severity of brain injury
Term
Glasgow 8 or less
Definition
coma or severe brain disease
Term
Cranial nerves involved in basal skull fractures
Definition
7 amd 8 facial paralysis and hearing loss
Term
Cerebral contusions
Definition
20-30% of brain injuries
Mostly occur in the frontal and temporal lobes
Term
Bad thing about cerebral contusions
Definition
In hours or days can coalesce to become intracerebral hematomas requiring immediate evacuation.

This occurs in 20% of patients and require repeat ct scans 12-24 hours after the initial scan.
Term
Indications for CT of the brain
Definition
Loss of consciousness greater than 5 minutes.
amnesia
severe headaches
GCS less than 15
Focal neurological deficits
Term
Hypotension and DPL or FAST
Definition
Is routinely used with unconsious hypotensive patiets
Term
Falx cerebri
Definition
separates the 2 hemispheres
Term
Frontal lobe
Definition
Emotions, motor speech and motor function
Term
Parietal lobe
Definition
sensory function and spatial orientation
Term
Temporal lobe
Definition
Memory functions speech reception and integration
Term
CSF production
Definition
20 ml/hr
Term
Tentorium cerebelli
Definition
Superior and inferior
Term
Uncus
Definition
Medial part of the temp lobe that herniates
Term
Uncal herniation
Definition
Contralateral hemipalegia
Ipsilateral pupilary dilation
Term
Kernohans notch syndrome
Definition
hemipalegia and pupilary dilation of the same side
Term
Significant septum pellucidum shift
Definition
5 mm
Term
Factors contributing to late onset of Epilepsy
Definition
seizures occuring in the first week
intracranial hematoma
depressed skull fracture
Term
Neorogenic Shock treat bradycardia with...
Definition
Atropine may be used
Term
Spinal shock is not neurogenic shock
Definition
Flacidiy and loss of reflexes seen after spinal cord injury
Term
Describinh Spinal Motor function
Definition
The lowest key muscle that has a 3/5
Term
Quadriplegia
Definition
Above T1
Term
Paraplegia
Definition
Below T1
Term
Central Cord Syndrome
Definition
Disprop loss of upper extremity motor

Hyperextension with prexisting cervicle canal stenosis

Forward fall with facial impact
Term
Recovery of central cord syndrome

Best recovery among syndromes
Definition
Lower extremities

bowel and bladder

prox upper extremities

hands
Term
Etiology of central cord syndrome
Definition
Ant spinal artery not perfusing central cord where motor cervical fibers
Term
Anterior cord syndrome
Definition
Poorest prognosis

Paraplegia

Disassociated sensory

Preservation of post column

Loss of pain and temperature
Term
Brown Sequard
Definition
Hemisection of cord

Loss of post column and motor on same side

Loss of pain and temp (spinothalamic) on contralateral side 1 or 2 levels below the injury
Term
Atlanto-occipital dislocation
Definition
Shaken baby

Most die
Term
Jefferson fracture
Definition
Axial load of C1

Open mouth view

In patients who survive, not associated with spinal cord injury
Term
What is the largest cervical vertebra
Definition
C2 Axis
Term
What is the largest cervical vertebra
Definition
C2 Axis
Term
Hangman's fracture
Definition
Pars articularis from hyperextention
Term
Most common cervical vertebrae
Definition
C5
Term
Most common cervical dislocation
Definition
C5-C6
Term
Chance fracture associations
Definition
retroperitoneal bleed


abdominal injury

Seat belt (lap) injury)
Term
Describe the 3 important neurotracks for assessment
Definition
Explanation: All of the above are correct. 1. The corticospinal tract is in the posterior-lateral segment of the spinal cord and transmit motor impulses from the same side of the body. Corticospinal tract fibers cross to the contralateral side of the brain at the base of the skull. 2. The spinothalamic tract is in the anterior-lateral segment of the spinal cord and transmit pain (pinprick and light touch) and temperature impulses from the opposite side of the body. The spinothalamic tract fibers cross to the contralateral side of the spinal cord a few levels above where they enter. 3. The posterior column transmits position sense, vibration and light touch impulses from the same side of the body.
Term
Cervical dirsruption above what level results in partial or complete disruption of respiration
Definition
Injury above C6 can result in partial or total loss of respiratory function.
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