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Astronomy
study for Earth Science
42
Science
8th Grade
04/10/2010

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Term
Nebulla
Definition
cloud of interstellar dust and gases, could either be creating a new star, or remains of a dead star, come in dif shapes and sizes
Term
Big Bang Theory
Definition
the universe started as a single cosmic explosion about 15 billion years ago, clumps from this explosion cooled and condensed into galaxies, the nergy from explosion has caused galaxies to race away from the point of explosion, causing constant expanding of the universe
Term
three types of Galaxies
Definition
Spiral Galaxy, Barred Spiral Galaxy, Irregular Galaxy
Term
Spiral Galaxy
Definition
most common to think of
Term
Barred Spiral Galaxy
Definition
like our Galaxy, the Milkyway
Term
Irregular Galaxy
Definition
looks messy
Term
Solar Nebular Theory
Definition
there was a massive cloud of dust and gas before our solar system was created. the dust and gas created its own gravity that caused the cloud to compress and spin. a new sun forms but surrounding the sun is a bunch of debris (rock and dust). this debris starts to spin around the sun, creating a disc shape that spinds faster. heavier compounds like the silicates and metals cluster up near the sun. lighter elements like gasses cluster away from the sun
Term
formation of our Solar System
Definition
The Solar Nebular Theory
Term
our sun:
Definition
mid sized star in both heat and luminosity
Term
the 4 terrestrial planets
Definition
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
Term
the 5 Gas Giants or Jovian Planets
Definition
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto
Term
Mercury:
Definition
hottest, smallest, most dense
Term
Venus:
Definition
treacherous, atmosphere similar to ancient atmosphere of Earth
Term
Earth:
Definition
largest moon of other planets
Term
Mars:
Definition
looking for water
Term
Jupiter:
Definition
largest, big red spot (hurricane)
Term
Saturn:
Definition
has rings
Term
Uranus:
Definition
rotates on its side (east-west)
Term
Neptune:
Definition
Methane makes it blue like the sea
Term
Terrestrial Planets:
Definition
solid, the first 4
Term
What divides Terrestrial and Jovial planets?
Definition
astroid belt (between Mars and Jupiter)
Term
Comets:
Definition
dirty snowballs with a tail
Term
why do comet tails point away from the sun?
Definition
solar wind
Term
meteorites:
Definition
space rock that enters earth's atmosphere and burns up
Term
the classification of stars is divided into two properties:
Definition
temp and luminosity
Term
no two stars are the same
Definition
true
Term
the hotter and brighter, then the
Definition
shoter its life
Term
stars are mapped on:
Definition
HR scale
Term
the types of stars that create the 'S' on the HR diagram:
Definition
Supergiants, main sequence, and white dwarfs
Term
the brighter, the
Definition
hotter
Term
the letters on the X axis of the scale are:
Definition
O B A F G K M (Oh Boy A Fine Guy Kissed Me)
Term
Name the phases of the Moon:
Definition
Last Quarter, Waning Giggous, Full Moon, Waxing Gibbous, First Quarter, Waxing Crescent, New Moon, Waning Crescent, New Moon
Term
left crescent
Definition
waning
Term
right crescent
Definition
waxing
Term
Lunar Eclipse
Definition
earth casts a shadow on the moon
Term
Solar Eclipse
Definition
moon covers sun
Term
Corona
Definition
halo around Sun
Term
Solstices:
Definition
mark the points at which the poles are tilted at their maximum toward or away from the sun
Term
Equinox
Definition
the sun appears to be directly over Earth’s equator, and the lengths of the day and the night are equal over most of the planet.
Term
What Causes Seasons?
Definition
earth's tilt
Term
rotation:
Definition
the earth rotates causing Day and Night as half of the earth faces the sun and the other side doesn't
Term
Revolution:
Definition
the elliptical motion of earth around the Sun, causing years and seasons
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