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Asthma: An inflammatory disease
Exam 2
11
Nursing
Undergraduate 3
03/01/2011

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Cards

Term

 

Asthma

Definition
periodic, reversible episodes of bronchial spasms which impair ventilation. Associated with edema of the mucosa and mucus production.
Primary manifestation-severe dyspnea. lungs are voluminous, without emphysema
Term

 

asthma classification

Definition
atopic asthma-extrinsic or allergic
non-atopic asthmal-intrinsic or idiopathic
exercised induced asthma (EIA)
mixed asthma
Term

 

atopic asthma

Definition
mostly infants and children
usually associated with other allergies
attacks often diminish in later years
seldom associated with chronic bronchitis and emphysmea
attacks triggered by specific allergens
Term

 

non-atopic asthma

Definition
-usually adults
-no clear evidence of allergy
-attacks tend to increase in severity
-often associated with nasal polyps, chronich bronchitis, and emphysema
-attacks triggered by various non-specific stimuli

of you have atopic asthma as a child you are more likely to have non-atopic
Term

 

Exercised Induced Asthma

Definition
children usually of school age
attacks develop after increased activity
subjects healthy and asymptomatic before attack
Term

 

mised asthma

Definition
adults, usually with past history of atopic or non-atopic
accounts for the majority of cases
Term

 

atopic asthma:

pathogenesis

Definition
allergen sensitization-immune reaction with IgE formation-IgE/mast cell coupling-reexposure to allergen-release of chemical mediators:histamine,bradykinin, leukotrienes- bronchial spasms-respiratory distress
Term

 

non-atopic (intrinsic) asthma:

pathogenesis

Definition
how it happens-respiratory infections or psychological factors appear to be contributor
based on lack of an allergic reaction
less mucous is produced than atopic

blockage of beta-adrenergic receptors in the bronchi (bronchioles constrict)
Term

 

asthma: morphological changes

Definition
peribronchial smooth muscle layer-hypertrophied
basement membrane-thickened
bronchial mucosa-edematous with inflammatory infiltrates (exudates)
lumen-reduced diameter, with mucous plugs
Term

 

asthma: consequences of morphological changes

Definition
impaired ventilation
impaired expiratory function
progressive pulmonary function
Term

 

asthma: clinical features

Definition
duration of attacks
intervals between attacks
severity of attacks
complication: status asthmaticus (don't respond to treatment)
causes of death
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