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Asthma Drugs
Key Concepts
23
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
03/05/2012

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Cards

Term
What are the three bronchodilator drugs?
Definition
Methylxanthines
Anticholinergics
Beta2 Agonists
Term
What are the Anti inflammatory drugs?
Definition
IgE Blockers
Cromolyn
Leukotriene Modifiers
Glucocorticoids
Term
What is the preferred method of delivery and why?
Definition
inhalation pros-rapid onset of action, less systemic effects and because oral drugs are subject to first pass effect.
Term
With MDI's only about ___% of the drug reaches the lungs.
Definition
10%
Term
With DPI's only about ____% reaches the lungs
Definition
20%
Term
Use of a spacer with a MDI increases the amount of medication that reaches the lung to ___%.
Definition
21%
Term
What are the major SE of Beta2-adrenergic agonists?
Definition
tachycardia, angina, tremor
Term
What is the peak for Albuterol effects? how long lasting?
Definition
effects almost immedeately (take 5' before exercise) and peak at 30-60 min, lasts for 3-5 hrs
Term
What is the peak for Salmeterol? How long does it last? SE?
Definition
Slower onset for long acting inhaled B2A's, persist for 12 hrs, great for at night, onset 10-30'. SE-Tachyphylaxis (sudden resistance to the drug)
Term
What are the pros/cons of oral steroids for anti inflammatory? SE?
Definition
More side effects esp: tremor, can cause tachycardia, angina, dysrhythmias
Term
Anticholinergics have an _____ effect when used with B2agonists and can be inhaled in MDI/DPI.
Definition
Additive
Term
SE from anticholinergics include:
Definition
dry mouth, sore throat.
Term
What two conditions are anticholinergics indicated for?
Definition
COPD and asthma
Term
What is the MOA of Methylxanthines?
Definition
Relax smooth muscle causing bronchodilation, also stimulates CNS, cardiac excitation, vasodilation and diuresis
Term
What is a common methyxanthine?
Definition
Coffee!
Term
What is a common methyxanthine?
Definition
Coffee!
Term
What are adverse SE of chronic steroid use?
Definition
Adrenal supression, osteoporosis, bruising, edema, peptic ulcer disease, hyperglycemia, growth supression in kids
Term
Guidlines for Mild Intermittent Asthma:
Definition
Quick acting B2A PRN
Term
Guidelines for Mild Persistent Asthma:
Definition
+Low Dose inhaled steroids
Term
Guidelines for Mod Persistent Asthma:
Definition
Low to medium dose inhaled steroids, LA inhaled B2a
Term
Guidelines for Severe Persistent Asthma:
Definition
High dose inhaled steroids, LA inhaled B2a, oral steroids PRN
Term
Guidelines for ACUTE Exacerbation of Asthma:
Definition
Ih B2a, IV/Oral Steroid, Supplemental O2 >95%, SQ epi, Hx
Term
For COPD anticholinergics are ___ effective and steroids ___ effective than with asthma
Definition
MORE, ess
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