Term
| An auditory evoked potential that is ___-___ to the amplitude or frequency modulations in a steady-state signal |
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Definition
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Term
-Neural response elicited by the steady-state signal reflects the ___ of stimulus modulation
-First described in ___ (Galambos, Makeig, and Talmachoff) as the 40 Hz response
-We use a 40 Hz modulation sequence-measuring brain response at ___ Hz |
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Definition
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Term
-Cohen et al, 1991 proved that ASSR could be reliably recorded in adults during various states of ___ when testing at higher stimulation/modulation rates (>70 Hz)
-Sustained response that maintains ___ and ___ over extended stimulus presentation |
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Definition
| arousal; amplitude; phase |
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Term
-Response occurs when presentation rate of a stimulus is fast enough to create ___ responses to the stimulus
-Typically analyzed in the ___ domain using automated detection algorithms rather than in the time domain by reading the waveforms |
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Definition
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Term
Advantages:
-Frequency specific signals employed for estimation of ___ sensitivity at audiometric frequencies
-Can be used for ___ conduction and ___ conduction
-Intensity levels can go as high as ___ dB HL
-___ response detection and analysis
-Clinical devices ___ |
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Definition
| auditory; air; bone; 120; Automated; available |
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Term
-Requires ___ state of arousal-not deep sedation
-Influenced by ___ ___ and anesthesia
-Artifact in ___ conduction testing
-Absence of a response may be due to either ___ ___ or ___ ___ |
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Definition
| quiet; deep sedation; bone; hearing loss; auditory neuropathy |
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Term
| pure-tone modulated at a specific rate at a specific depth |
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Definition
| Steady-state acoustic signal |
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Term
| ___ frequency, ____ frequency, and modulation ___ for each steady-state signal |
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Definition
| carrier; modulation; depth |
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Term
| the modulation of a radio or other wave by variation of its frequency, especially to carry an audio signal |
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Definition
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Term
| the modulation of a wave by varying its amplitude, used chiefly as a means of radio broadcasting, in which an audio signal is combined with a carrier wave. |
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Definition
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Term
| Frequency and amplitude modulation |
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Definition
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Term
| uses one carrier frequency tone to one ear using one modulation frequency |
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Definition
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Term
| uses multiple carrier frequency tones each with a different modulation rate. |
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Definition
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Term
Multiple Frequency:
-can be presented to one ear or both ears simultaneously as long as each carrier tone has a ___ modulation frequency |
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Definition
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Term
| Computerized technique for separating a complex waveform consisting of multiple frequencies into its individual frequency components |
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Definition
| Fast Fourier Transform Analysis |
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Term
Phase Coherence:
-Related to the ___ to ___ ratio
-Two wave sources are perfectly coherent if they have a constant ___ difference and the same ___
-The state in which two signals maintain a ___ ___ relationship with each other or with a third signal that can serve as a reference for each |
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Definition
| signal to noise; phase; frequency; fixed phase |
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Term
| Statistical method that is applied in ASSR testing to estimate the probability that the amplitude of an ASSR found at a particular modulation frequency is statistically different from the energy found at the surrounding frequencies that are attributed to the ongoing electroencephalography noise |
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Definition
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Term
Response:
-Best response to ___ depths of modulation (__% versus __%) and to ___ carrier frequencies (___ Hz versus ___ Hz)
-Best modulation frequency is related to ___ and listener’s state of ___
-Awake adults: __ Hz modulation rate elicits most robust response
-Asleep adults and infants: Higher modulation (__ Hz) rates provide the most robust response |
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Definition
| higher; 90 (fast); 20 (slow); lower; 500; 2000; age; arousal; 40; 80 |
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Term
NEURAL GENERATORS:
-Vary depending on the ___ rate
-High modulation frequencies evoke responses primarily from ___ regions (greater than 60 to 80 Hz) midbrain or pontine and the superior olivary complex or cochlear nucleus
-Rates between 20 and 60 Hz evoke responses from ___ ___ ___, ___ ___, and ___
-Low modulation frequencies (rates below 20 Hz) evoke responses primarily from ___ regions of the auditory system
-Changes in ___ settings can suppress contributions from specific underlying neural generators |
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Definition
| modulation; subcortical; primary auditory cortex, auditory midbrain, and thalamus; cortical; filter |
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Term
| What is the electrode montage for ASSR? |
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Definition
-Usually same as ABR
-Fpz=ground
-Fz or Cz=non-inverting (placed in jumper)
-A1 and A2=inverting left and right respectively |
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Term
Response Parameters:
what measurements are included? |
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Definition
| Presence, robustness, and latency |
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Term
PRESENCE/DETECTION:
-Algorithm based on probability that the response is ___ at the frequency modulation
-Probability (usually p< __)
-Repeated use of the F-test for each sample can ___ likelihood of response
-Bonferroni correction can be used to compensate for ___ ___ Or, each measure can be anaylzed separately to reduce probability of ___ ___ detection
-Phase coherence |
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Definition
| present; 0.05; increase; statistical error; false response |
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Term
AMPLITUDE/ROBUSTNESS-Magnitude of detected response:
-measured in frequency domain as ___ amplitude or ___ to ___ ratio amplitude
-amplitude depends on ___, subject ___, and response detection ___ used to record the response
-___ than other AEPs |
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Definition
| absolute; signal to noise; stimulus; state; algorithm; smaller |
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Term
Latency:
-Can be estimated only by converting response ___ to latency
-Phase is a ___ measure
-Response recorded in time domain, then converted to the frequency domain by ___ ___ ___
-Stimulus frequency components in the FFT can be transformed into ___ units with amplitude and phase
-Is latency usually measured? |
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Definition
| phase; circular; FFT; vector; no |
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Term
| What are some subject variable? |
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Definition
| Age, sleep, and attention |
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Term
Accuracy:
-Primary application is ___ ___ estimation
-Excellent ___-___ reliability for single frequency and multi-frequency stimulation
-Accuracy not influenced by ___ or ___ of sensorineural hearing loss
-Can be influenced by ___ environment |
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Definition
| behavioral threshold; test-retest; shape; degree; test |
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Term
Bone Conduction:
-Fairly good predictors of behavioral BC thresholds ___-___ Hz
-Low frequency BC-ASSR thresholds ___ with age
-No significant effect of BC ___ method
-BC placement on ___ or ___ bone gives best BC threshold Ipsilateral recording gives best BC threshold |
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Definition
| 1000-4000; increase; coupling; mastoid; temporal |
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Term
Prior to Testing-3 Important Criteria:
1. ___ otoscopic exam
2.___ tympanogram
3. ___ neural transmission through the auditory brainstem pathway (ABR present at high intensity) |
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Definition
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