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obstruction of drainage of cerebrospinal fluid results in excessive accumulation, increasing intracranial pressure, and enlargement of head. Face looks small compared to enlarged head. Increased pressure produced dilated scalp veins. Percussion results in cracked pot sound (Maceween's sign).
p 292 |
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Osteitis Deformans
bone disease in which bone softens, thickens, and deforms. Happens later in life and occur mmore often in males. Characterized by bowed long bones, sudden fractures, frontal bossing, and enlarging skull bones. Acorn shaped enlargement of skull produces headaches, progressive hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitis, optic atrophy, compression of spinal cord. |
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Excessive secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland.
is a syndrome that results when the pituitary gland produces excess growth hormone (hGH) after epiphyseal plate closure at puberty.
Acromegaly most commonly affects adults in middle age,[1] and can result in severe disfigurement, serious complicating conditions, and premature death if unchecked. Because of its insidious pathogenesis and slow progression, the disease is hard to diagnose in the early stages and is frequently missed for many years, until changes in external features, especially of the face, become noticeable.
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A hematoma in the sternomastoid muscle, results in a head tilt to one side and limited ROM to the opposite side.
-is a twisted neck in which the head is tipped to one side, while the chin is turned to the other |
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| multiple nodules usually indicate inflammation or a mutlitple nodular goiter rather than a neoplasm. However suspect any rapidly enlarging or firm nodule. |
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| Usually benign but pose greater risk than multiples especially in a young person. Suspect any painless, rapidly growing nodule. Cancerous nodules tend to be fixed and hard. |
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| smooth firm flucuant swelling on the scalp. Skin is shiny and taut. Benign. |
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| Parotid Gland Enlargement |
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| Rapid painful inflammation occuring with mumps. Also occurs with blockage of a duct, abscess, or tumor. Swelling anterior to lower ear lobe. |
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| a deficiency in dopamine and degenration of basal ganglia in the brain. Face is flat and expressionless (mask like) with elevated eyebrows, drooling, staring gaze, and oily skin. |
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excessive excretion of corticotropin hormone and chronic steriod use. Person develops plethoric, moon like face, prominent jowls, red cheecks, hirsutism on the upper lip, lower cheeks, and chin, and rash on chest.
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| is an autoimmune disease where the thyroid is overactive, producing an excessive amount of thyroid hormones (a serious metabolic imbalance known as hyperthyroidism and thyrotoxicosis). This is caused by autoantibodies to the TSH-receptor (TSHR-Ab) that activate that TSH-receptor (TSHR), thereby stimulating thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion, and thyroid growth (causing a diffusely enlarged goiter). The resulting state of hyperthyroidism can cause a dramatic constellation of neuropsychological and physical signs and symptoms.[1] |
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| a deficiency of thyroid hormone, when severe causes a non pitting edema or ________. Puffy edematous face, especially around eyes (periorbital edema), coarse facial features, dry skin, and coarse hair and eyebrows. |
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| a lower motor neuron lesion (peripheral), producing cranial nerve VII paralysis, which is almost always unilateral. Rapid onset with cause thought to be Herpes Simplex Virus. Whole half of face will be immobile. |
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An upper motor neuron lesion (central). A "stroke" is an acute neurological ddeficit caused by an obstruction of a cerebral vessel, as in athersclerosis or a rupture in a cerebral vessel.
Paralysis of lower facial muscles. |
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| accompanies chronic wasting disease such as cancer, dehydration, and starvation. Sunken eyes, hollow cheeks, and exhausted defeated expression. |
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| Hard skin. Characterized by chronic hardening and shrinking degenrative changes in skin, blood vessels, synovium, and skeletal muscles. |
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