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assessment 3
chapter 3 vocabulary
32
Education
Not Applicable
02/11/2011

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Term
insight
Definition
sudden awareness of the relationships among various elements that had previously appeared to be independent of one another
Term
learning
Definition
permanent change in behavior that results from experience
Term
social skills
Definition
skills used to communicate and interact with others to assist status in the social structure
Term
attention
Definition
the cognitive process of selectively concentrating on one thing while ignoring others: sustained, selective, and divided
Term
motivation
Definition
the driving force behind all actions
Term
context
Definition
the background stimuli that accompany some foreground event
Term
emotion
Definition
a mental state that arises spontaneously, rather than through conscious effort. often accompanied by physiological changes
Term
acquisition
Definition
the process of adapting to the environment, learning or becoming conditioned
Term
variability
Definition
refers to how much the scores in a distribution spread out, away from the mean
Term
mastery learning
Definition
of the research in learning, no strategies have led to a better outcome than mastery learning, where the learner must master material before moving forward
Term
bias
Definition
a prejudice in a general or specific sense
Term
heuristic
Definition
a simple, efficient rule to explain how peopple make decisions, come to judgements and solve problems when all information is not available or when facing complex problems (these can work well in most situations, but can result in cognitive bias)
Term
empirical
Definition
the use of working hypotheses which are capable of being disproved using observation or experiment
Term
critical thinking
Definition
a mental process of analyzing or evaluating information, particularly statements or propositions that are offered as true
Term
cognition
Definition
the intellectual processes through which information is obtained, transformed, stored, retrieved, and otherwise used
Term
scheme
Definition
(Piaget) a hypothetical mental structure that permits the classification and organization of new information
Term
schema
Definition
a way of mentally representing the world, such as a belief or an expectation, that can influence perception of persons, objects and situations
Term
stimulus
Definition
a change in an environmental condition that elicits a response
Term
rote
Definition
a learning technique which avoids grasping the inner complexities and inferences of the subject that is being learned, and focuses on the learner menmoraizing exactly the way it was read or heard
Term
problem solving
Definition
an attempt to find a way of appropriately attaining a goal when that goal is not readily attainable
Term
algorithm
Definition
a systematic procedure for solving a problem that works invariably when it is correctly applied
Term
interdependence
Definition
a dynamic of being mutually responsible to and dependent on others
Term
reliability
Definition
the extent which a test produces a consistent, reproducible score
Term
validity
Definition
the extent to which a test measure what it is intended to measure
Term
syntax
Definition
the rules which govern sentence structure
Term
automaticity
Definition
the ability to process information with little or no effort
Term
generalization
Definition
in conditioning, the tendency for a conditioned response to be evoked by stimuli that are similar to which the response was conditioned
Term
maladaptive
Definition
counterproductive to the individual
Term
exemplars
Definition
refer to the individual instances of a concept that are stored in memory from personal experience
Term
construct
Definition
a generalized concept, such as anxiety or gravity
Term
applied research
Definition
done to solve specific, practical questions
Term
sight vocabulary
Definition
refers to words that are immediately recognized on the basis of familiarity with their overall shapes
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