Term
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Definition
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Term
| What do the markings above and below the diagonal lines on a cut stake indicate? |
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Definition
| The amount of cut is above the diagonal and the distance is below. |
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Term
| What other abbreviation means the same as RS? |
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Definition
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Term
| If the RS distance is followed by a double line, where must the remainder of the grades and distances be established? |
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Definition
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Term
| How much will a 2% slope rise or fall in 20ft? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the elevation on the side of the surveyor information stake taken from? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does it mean to the grade setter if every distance on a surveyor's stake is followed by a double line? |
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Definition
| He must take the next grade and distance from each preceeding point |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of a second horizontal line on a fill stake located 1ft above finished grade? |
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Definition
| To help the grade setter set the next fill stake |
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Term
| What do the west and east toe grades on a ditch channel stake indicate? |
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Definition
| The bottom of the slope on either side of the channel |
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Term
| If you have a 4-foot swede and your finished grade at centerline is .30 higher, what should you ruler reading be? (If the centerpoint is 2ft, what is .3 higher than that?) |
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Definition
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Term
| What do you call a method of setting grade at a centerpoint by sighting across three lath? |
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Definition
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Term
| To set an 8-foot sting line for a 6.13-foot ditch cut, what must be added to the surveyors grade in order the mark the grade pin correctly? |
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Definition
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Term
| What will cause the laser unit to automatically shut off? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A point of known elevation |
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Term
| What should you do if the reciever unit is not recieving a signal from the laser level? |
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Definition
| Slide the reciever up or down |
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Term
| When checking a grade, if your rod reading is 1.10 and the grade required at that point is 4.18, what would you mark on your lath? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does it mean if a crows foot has a horizontal line drawn across it and there's an arrow with a circle through the tail pointing at that line? |
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Definition
| The line indicates finished grade |
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Term
| If there's a cut of 3.50 and a 4-foot boot is needed, the grade setter measures up and marks the lath where? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another name for a contour plan? |
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Definition
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Term
| How can you tell when contour lines represent a steep slope? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is indicated when contour lines connect to form a loop or circle? |
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Definition
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Term
| When do contour lines change grade? |
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Definition
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Term
| In order to correctly mark the cut or fill to produce the finish grade, where must you start your measurements? |
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Definition
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Term
| Using 9 feet as a baseline, what combination of measurements will allow you to make a 90-degree angle? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who, other than the surveyor, might set the grades for an industrial tract landscaping project? |
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Definition
| The excavation contractor |
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Term
| If checking a road section with a laser, how many elevations should be marked on the lath by the grade setter? |
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Definition
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Term
| If your rod reading on the hub is 3.5 and the stake shows a 0.70 fill with a road section depth of 0.75, what rod reading would you want to read for subgrade? |
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Definition
| 3.45(difference between stake and road section depth is subtracted from rod reading) |
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Term
| When using a laser with a sloping beam, what's the maximum distance from the trench centerline you'd want to set up to ensure accuracy? |
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Definition
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Term
| If a survey rod has a 10.50-foot measurement for flow line and you need a .5 undercut, where would you set the rod elevation? |
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Definition
| 10ft(10.5ft flow line - .5 undercut = required rod elevation |
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Term
| How do you figure the undercut when determining trench depth for laying pipe? |
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Definition
| Add the thickness of the pipe to the thickness of the pipe bedding |
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Term
| What do you calibrate the cutting blade on a scraper to when using an on-board laser? |
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Definition
| A benchmark or known elevation |
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Term
| When setting a gps base station, what must always be set up plumb, level and in the same location each day? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the minimum number of satellites you should be able to access to ensure the accuracy of a gps signal? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most difficult part of using GPS? |
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Definition
| The initial base unit setup and model building |
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Term
| What is the primary cost-cutting feature of concrete curb machines? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the primary use for a profilograph? |
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Definition
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Term
| What equipment is used to pour concrete roadways? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does an auger-driven curb machine use for grade? |
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Definition
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Term
| A profiler can mill which type of road surfacing material? |
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Definition
| Both concrete and asphalt |
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Term
| What is the function of a grizzly? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does a reclaimer do? |
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Definition
| Grind up asphalt, mix dirt, mix aggregate. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of carbide teeth on a trencher? |
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Definition
| To dig through hard materials |
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Term
| What is the most important element to consider when operating a excavating and grading business? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most efficient way to remove an old road surface? |
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Definition
| Grind and load with a profiler |
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Term
| What is the best choice for asphalt removal in a small area? |
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Definition
| A rubber-tired hoe with a 4-in-1 bucket |
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Term
| What is the advantage of using a bottom dump truck with a pickup machine? |
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Definition
| The paver doesn't have to stop |
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Term
| What is the acceptable temperature range for asphalt when paving? |
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Definition
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Term
| Open graded asphalt should NOT be placed when the weather drops below what temperature? |
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Definition
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Term
| When a paver is using sonar to follow a curb grade, what should control the grade on the other side? |
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Definition
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Term
| When rolling asphalt, where should the first pass be made? |
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Definition
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Term
| Unless specifications say otherwise, what size asphalt should you use for skin patches that must match existing areas? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the usual spread rate for chips when chip sealing? |
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Definition
| 15-30 pounds per square yard |
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Term
| What is one of the best ways to keep your excavating costs down? |
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Definition
| Use experienced equipment operators |
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Term
| Why is it important for the (earth) compactor operator to keep dozing dirt as he works? |
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Definition
| To mix the moisture evenly |
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Term
| What is the graders most important job when rough excavation starts? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why would you choose to use a water tank rather than a standpipe? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most efficient equipment for stripping? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the only area trimmed to finished grade during rough excavation? |
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Definition
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Term
| Fill lots should be overfilled by how much for trim? |
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Definition
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Term
| When must you have erosion control measures in place? |
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Definition
| Any time there is a threat of rain |
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Term
| What are the usual compaction requirements for sidewalk and curb subgrade? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the usual compaction requirements for street subgrade? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the best equipment for cutting a rocky slope? |
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Definition
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Term
| If an existing slope must be cut back 15ft at a 1:1 slope, how far back will the first cut be made? |
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Definition
| 14ft. 1:1 means 1foot over, one foot up, its the rise over run, so slope excavation begins one foot in from the toe of the slope. |
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Term
| What is the usual slope tolerance of a rocky slope? |
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Definition
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Term
| What position should the scraper apron be in when loading rock? |
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Definition
| Opened wider than if you were loading dirt |
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Term
| What is the standard compaction test required for a compaction test on a rock fill? |
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Definition
| You can't do a compaction test on a rock fill |
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Term
| What are straw filled waddles used for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the biggest difference between staking a commercial site and staking a road site? |
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Definition
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Term
| What three things must be included in the soils report? |
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Definition
| What to do with stripped topsoil, the amount of contour grading required, how much to overbuild the pads. |
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Term
| What type of island curb is placed on finished asphalt? |
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Definition
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Term
| What must be done to a fill are before any excavation can be placed on it? |
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Definition
| It must be ripped, watered and compacted. |
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Term
| How much are commercial building pads overbuilt? |
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Definition
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Term
| How can you make the rough grading of parking areas easier? |
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Definition
| Excavate through the island noses |
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Term
| How much should you overbuild pad elevations during rough grading? |
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Definition
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Term
| What should you have the surveyor do when initial excavation is completed? |
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Definition
| Verify the parking area and pad grades |
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Term
| When is it best to rip and compact the subgrade for parking areas? |
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Definition
| Before the curbs are poured |
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Term
| What should be done about any unsuitable soil discovered during excavation? |
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Definition
| It should be brought to the attention of the soils engineer |
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Term
| What should be done first before any work begins on a highway project? |
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Definition
| The forman and grade setter should go over the plans and staking |
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Term
| Why are right-of-way stakes set? |
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Definition
| To indicate limits of the work area |
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Term
| Where do you start the fill slope if the RS point is a foot low after clearing? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do double horizontal lines marked on a survery stake mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the grade setter set the fill slope lath on a large fill slope? |
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Definition
| At 90 degrees from the surveyors stake |
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Term
| What is the usual tolerance on a fill slope? |
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Definition
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Term
| It is good practice to overbuild a fill slope by how much? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which slope angle is the most difficult to cut with a grader? |
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Definition
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Term
| When cutting a slope thathas a ditch at toe-of-slope, to what elevation must the initial cut be made? |
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Definition
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Term
| When is it acceptable to work beyond the right-of-way line? |
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Definition
| When a note in the plans instructs you do to so |
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Term
| When preparation is complete, what is the first cuts to be made? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do you call an area thats too soft to cover with base rock or asphalt? |
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Definition
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Term
| What covers the cost of removing unsuitable material below subgrade during excavation? |
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Definition
| It is billed as extra work |
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Term
| What is the most important element for achieveing good soil compaction? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does amount of compaction actually measure? |
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Definition
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Term
| Current method for compaction testing? |
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Definition
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Term
| How will a nuclear test indicate tightly packed soil? |
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Definition
| A low reading on the gauge |
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Term
| What is the compaction requirement for most embankments? |
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Definition
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Term
| Before taking a compaction test on an embankment fill in progress, the grader or compactor should cut down how many inches to a level spot for testing? |
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Definition
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Term
| Compaction requirements for road subgrade? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which material compacts most easily to 95%? |
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Definition
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Term
| What equipment is used to roll subgrade on a large job? |
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Definition
| Pad-drum vibratory roller |
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Term
| What would the last choice for rolling a large fill being built? |
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Definition
| A smooth-drum vibratory roller |
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Term
| How should the rough subgrade be cut before compacting? |
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Definition
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Term
| What may need to be done when processing subgrade when processing subgrade with extremely dry soil? |
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Definition
| The grader may need to turn the soil over several times |
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