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aspergillus
fungi 2
50
Art/Design
11th Grade
10/12/2014

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Term
3 ways pneumocystis jirovecii can cause human infection
Definition
free trophic forms, sporocyst, cyst (4-8 intracystic bodies)
Term
disease caused by pneumocystis jirovecii
Definition
most commonly pneumonia; can be lymph, spleen, bm, liver, gi, gu
Term
how does pneumocystis jirovecii enter body
Definition
respiratory tract; can be primary infection or reactivation
Term
risk factors for pneumocystis jirovecii
Definition
aids: cd4 <200; transplant; T cell compromised patients
Term
slowly progressive SOB, first on exertion then all the time with infiltrates
Definition
pneumocystis jirovecii
Term
dx of pneumocystic jirovecci
Definition
sputum, BAL, biopsy microscopy or giemsa (trophic), gms (cystic), IF stains (both)
Term
pcp troph
Definition
one little guy, stain with giemsa or IF
Term
pcp cyst
Definition
bird's nest of fungi; stain with GMS or IF
Term
tx for pneumocystis jirovecii
Definition
bactrim (tmp-smx) for prophylaxis; high dose bactrim (tmp-smx) or pentamidine (if sulfa allergy)
Term
2 phases of cryptococcus
Definition
saprobic and parasitic
Term
what kind of organism is cryptococcus
Definition
encapsulated, budding yeast
Term
mucin/mayer mucicarmine stain
Definition
for capsule of cryptococcus
Term
pigeon droppings
Definition
how you get cryptococcus
Term
how to get cryptococcus
Definition
soil (pigeon) via inhalation; eucalyptus tree if gattii
Term
how our body reacts to crytococcus
Definition
alveolar macrophages, phagocytic cells, t and b cell rxn
Term
risk factors for cryptococcus CNS disease
Definition
t cell immunodeficiency, any immunocompromised host
Term
capsule inhibits pahgocytosis by alveolar macrophages
Definition
cryptococcus
Term
responsible for neurotropism in cryptococcus
Definition
melanin cell wall
Term
how does cryptococcus get from lungs to CNS
Definition
blood, lymph
Term
main features of cryptococcus cerebromeningeal disease
Definition
increased intracranial pressure, headaches; 2nd visual disturbances (means meninges); then mental status (means brain is involved)
Term
asymptomatic bilateral pneumonia with nodular infiltrates, no cavitation
Definition
pulmonary cryptococcus
Term
CNS parenchyma/cryptococcoma (mass) in immunocompetent hosts
Definition
cryptococcus gattii
Term
skin lesions, ocular disease, bone disease
Definition
dissemintation of cryptococcus
Term
dx of cryptococcus
Definition
blood or CSF culture for polysaccharide capsule; can use gram or indea ink
Term
has halo in geimsa stain, india ink
Definition
crpytococcus
Term
tx for cryptococcus
Definition
fatal if you don't treat; 2 weeks ampB + flucytosine (toxic, but sucks); 8+ weeks of fluconazole; lumbar punctures
Term
requires steroids, called shake and bake
Definition
ampB
Term
meningitis with few WBCs in CSF
Definition
cryptococcus
Term
SLE, fevers, steroids, coma, mass
Definition
aspergillosis
Term
4 speciecs of aspergillus
Definition
a. fumigatus, flavus, niger, terreus
Term
different colored molds that are branched at 45 degrees, make conidial heads
Definition
aspergillus
Term
good stains for aspergillus
Definition
periodic acid schiff (PAS) and GMS
Term
uniform width, regular septations, tree-like branching at 45 degree angles
Definition
aspergillus
Term
how to get aspergillus
Definition
in soil, air, manure (farmers); get it via inhalation or transdermal only if host sucks
Term
what do we inhale constantly
Definition
aspergillus
Term
how aspergillus causes disease
Definition
inhaled stuff binds fibrinogen/laminin in lung, germinate; macros and neutros kill it; PROTEASES invade epithelium/BVs
Term
causes thrombosis via vascular invasion
Definition
aspergillus
Term
risk factors for aspergillus
Definition
farmers, neutropenia, impaired neutrophils
Term
4 manifestations of aspergillus
Definition
allergic reaction, colonization, locally invasive aspergillosis, invasive aspergillosis
Term
asthma, pulmonary infiltrates, eosinophilia, high IgE
Definition
bronchopulmonary form of hypersensitivity to aspergillus (allergic rxn)
Term
eosinophilia, nasal obstruction, headache
Definition
allergic sinusitis bc of aspergillus allergy
Term
COPD/CF patients with bronchial plugs in lower airways, no tissue injury
Definition
colonization of aspergillus leading to bostructive bronchial aspergillosis
Term
tx for obstructive bronchial aspergillosis
Definition
steroids and antifungal
Term
aspergilloma - what is it, how to tx
Definition
aspergillus in fungal ball in pre-existing cavity/sinus; tx only if hemorrhage with surgery
Term
locally invasive forms of aspergillosis
Definition
steroids or COPD ppl with nectrotizing pseudomembranous bronchial aspergillosis or chronic nectroizing pulomnary aspergillosis
Term
how to treat necrotizing local aspergillosis
Definition
surgery
Term
fever, infiltrates, chest pain, hemoptysis; can have angioinvasion of organs
Definition
invasive aspergillosis; usually in severely IC pts with neutropenia, steroids, macrophage, T cell dysfxn
Term
70% mortality
Definition
invasive aspergillosis
Term
dx of invasive aspergillosis
Definition
tissue invasion of a normally sterile site (NOT SPUTUM) for a. terreus/fusarium; immuno-assay galactomannan Ag in serum
Term
tx for invasive aspergillosis
Definition
ampB with lipid (if not a. terreus) or voriconazole
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