Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Asian Civilization - Middle East
Early & Modern History
23
Social Studies
Undergraduate 1
03/30/2015

Additional Social Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Fertile Crescent
Definition
Up the Tigris down the coast of Mediterranean, Mesopotamia "Land Between the Rivers"
Term
Earliest known civilization
Definition
7000 BC
Cultivated wheat, barley, sheep, goats, and pigs
Term
When did Abraham inherit "Promised Land"?
Definition
Approx 2000 BC
Term
Sumerian Period
Definition
3200 BC-2300 BC
Incessant warfare over land & water rights, each city state was a theocracy, ruled by "Ensi"=monarchs, The Epic of Gilgamesh, Sumer used a base 60 system, writing=cuneiform (earliest known writing form)
Term
Akkadian Period
Definition
2300's-2150 BC
Semitic ethnic group, moved from Arabia, Sargon 1 conquered Sumer-begins Akkadian period, Ur-Nammu takes control & establishes 3rd Sumerian Period
Term
Old Babylonian
Definition
2000-1600 BC
Reached its height under Hammurabi, used 'Eye for Eye' code, did not believe in after life-believed in rewards for good conduct
Term
Hittites
Definition
2000-1200 BC
Dark Ages of Mesopotamia, from Asia-Minor (earliest known Indo-European language), produced iron weapons, collapsed to due to sea migration
Term
Phoenicians
Definition
100-750 BC
Centered in modern day Lebanon, known for trade goods (purple cloth, furniture, metal, glass, jewelry), created 22 letter alphabet, best traders, shipbuilders of their time, conquered by Assyria
Term
Arameans
Definition
1000-732 BC
Centered in modern Damascus, Semitic peoples, Aramaic became "international" language, conquered by Assyria
Term
Hebrews
Definition
Semitic peoples, 1st Leader-Abraham, controlled most of western fertile crescent, split into Israel & Judah, Israel conquered by Assyria, Judah conquered by Babylonians,
Term
Lydians
Definition
Modern Turkey-stopped by Media, began usage of coins, attacked Persia & lost,
Term
Chaldeans (Neo Babylonian)
Definition
Revolted against Assyrians, ruled entire fertile crescent, defeated the Egyptians, Astronomy was strong, Fell to Persians
Term
Persia
Definition
Cyrus 2(The Great): greatest conqueror of Ancient Near East
Darius the Great-attacked Greece failed
Xerxes 1-attacks Greece (fails)
Imperial roads extend throughout the empire
Term
Ottoman Empire
Definition
Began decline after Suleyman
West was advancing faster than Ottomans
Term
Europe's Strength
Definition
Overseas commercial expansion, improved agricultural & industrial technology, European monarchs became stronger, middle class development
Term
Ottoman Problems
Definition
Weak leaders- Suleyman's son: drunk,most were incompetent, inexperienced, young
Promotion by bribery, favoritism, nepotism
Changes in military
High inflation cause by new world silver
Sunni victory over Shi'a
Term
Arab-Israeli Conflict
Definition
1st conflict before Israel was a country (Strengthened military, economy & gov't)
Gained control of Gaza, East Jerusalem, & West Bank
Arab-Israeli War
1956 -Israel joins w/ Britain & France against Egypt for Suez Canal
6 Day War
Yom Kippur War
Term
OPEC
Definition
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
Term
Nasser
Definition
Egypt's leader(56-70)
Creation of the Arab League-promote Arab interests-counter Israeli influence
Term
PLO
Definition
Palestine Liberation Organization
Term
Camp David Peace Accords
Definition
Jimmy Carter, Egyptian President, Israeli Prime Minister
Results: a framework for the conclusion of a peace treaty between Egypt and Israel and (2) a broader framework for achieving peace in the Middle East.
Term
US involvement in Iran
Definition
Weapons for hostage exchange (secret)
Ended up being straight arms for hostage deal
"Contra" money used to support Nicaragua
Term
Yasser Arafat
Definition
PLO under Arafat-HQ'ed in Lebanon
Supporting users have an ad free experience!