Term
|
Definition
1. nestle-purina
2. mars
3. iams
4. hill's
5. del monte |
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Term
|
Definition
1. tysons
2. pilgrims pride
3. perdue farms |
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Term
| why do pet foods generally exceed animal requirements for most nutrients? |
|
Definition
| to ensure a margin of safety |
|
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Term
| why are unproven ingredients often added to companion animal diets? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What typically happens to the weight of a companion animal once spayed or neutered? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what does dietary fiber do in companion animal diets? |
|
Definition
-simplifies weight management
-keeps one regular...no diarrhea or constipation
-reduces blood sugar levels to control diabetes |
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|
Term
| what happens if too much ash is fed to companion animals? |
|
Definition
| they can get kidney stones |
|
|
Term
| What type of protein sources are more easily digested in companion animals? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does a taurine deficiency in cats lead to? |
|
Definition
-abnormal heart function
-retinal structure problems
-insufficient bile salt production
-reproductive failure |
|
|
Term
| how do animal and plant sources vary in taurine and ash content? |
|
Definition
animal sources-good taurine; bad ash
plant sources-bad taurine; good ash |
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Term
|
Definition
| plant material, usually excluding seeds and roots, that is grown for feeding to livestock |
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|
Term
| cool season grasses grow most actively when? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| warm season grasses grow most actively in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| primarily broad-leaf, non-woody plants |
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Term
|
Definition
| woody plants consumed by selective eaters, such as deer, goats, etc. |
|
|
Term
| how do legumes compare to grasses? |
|
Definition
-legumes are higher in protein, calcium, and potassium
-mixed with grasses to reduce N fertilization |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-low energy
-high fiber
-highly variable nutrient content
-limited use in non-ruminants |
|
|
Term
| what are the 4 things of feed analysis |
|
Definition
1. should be biologically significant
2. results must be repeatable
3. preferably can be done quickly
4. preferably low cost |
|
|
Term
| Van Soest Detergent System for Fiber Analysis |
|
Definition
feed
↓
................neutral detergen system.....
↓ ↓
cell contents (solubles) Neutral Detergent Fiber
↓
....................................acid detergent system...
↓ ↓
Hemicellulose (solubles) Acid Detergent Fiber
↓
.........................................................H2SO4...
↓ ↓
Cellulose (solubles) Lignin |
|
|
Term
| true/false. lignin is not digestible |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what happens to forages as they mature |
|
Definition
| they become lesser and lesser in fee value due to digestibility and crude protein |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| (% Digestible Dry Matter * %Dry Matter Intake) / 1.29 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 120 / % Neutral Detergent Fiber |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acid Detergent Insoluble Nitrogen = |
|
Definition
| (%Nitrogen in ADF) / (Total %Nitrogen of Forage) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-dry product (10-16% moisture)
-conducive to long distance transport
-suitable for longe term storage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-dry matter losses during harvest (leaves)
-field losses due to advancing maturity
-losses during processing and feeding |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-decrease in harvest loss
-increased nutritive value
-increased productivity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-increased storage losses
-potential for mold growth
-transportation is difficult due to high moisture |
|
|
Term
| 3 factors affecting hay quality |
|
Definition
1. harvest maturity
2. harvest conditions
3. storage system |
|
|
Term
| most popular silage in the US |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| delayed estrus can result from flushing or breeding ewes on legume pastures |
|
|
Term
| pregnancy toxemia (ketosis) |
|
Definition
| caused by rapid fat mobilization during late pregnancy [glucose is the usual treatment] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occurs prepartum in ewes and postpartum in other species |
|
|
Term
| recommended mineral/vitamin nutrition for goats |
|
Definition
| -grass tetany can be prevented in early lactation with a magnesium supplement |
|
|
Term
| recommended mineral/vitamin nutrition for sheep |
|
Definition
-limit copper, because copper toxicity is common
-trace mineral supplementation
-injectable selenium where white muscle disease is common |
|
|
Term
| how long should you wait before giving a horse water after intense exercise? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in horses heavy work and lactation require much more.............and..............? |
|
Definition
| digestible energy; crude protein |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| severe abdominal pains....excess gas in intestines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of hoof laminae resulting in tissue damage - almost impossible to get bone to reattach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lung aveoli become fibrous and eventually rupture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| exertional rhabdomyolysis (monday-morning sickness) |
|
|
Term
| horses should eat about how much forages/day |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how much grain should a horse eat/day |
|
Definition
| do not feed an excess of .75% of body weight at single feeding |
|
|
Term
| 4 goals of poultry feeding |
|
Definition
1. minimize feed costs
2. maximize feed efficiency
3. minimize wet litter output
4. minimize negative environmental effects |
|
|
Term
| feed costs are how much of the total production costs in poultry? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 4 limiting amino acids in poultry diets? |
|
Definition
1. methionine
2. lysine
3. threonine
4. isoleucine |
|
|
Term
| what are the 6 phases of turkey feeding? |
|
Definition
| 0-4, 5-8, 9-11, 12-14, 14-16, 17+ |
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