Term
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Definition
| Most environ. dmging problem from coal mining containing pyrite/metallic sulfide ores. |
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Term
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Definition
| Active treatment w/ lime solution to neutralize, w/ settling or passive treatment. |
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Term
| Metal Contamination of ground- or surface water, or sediments. |
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Definition
| Dissolved pollutants, either naturally occurring or introduced as reagents, enter system via ponds/tailing piles/etc. |
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Term
| Metal Contamination of ground- or surface water, or sediments. |
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Definition
| Treat waters/soils with binding agents to precipitate metallic pollutants out. |
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Term
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Definition
| Active earth disturbance leads to erosion of soils, creating high suspended loads in waterways (v. high TDS). |
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Term
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Definition
| Implement soil erosion control to reduce suspended load in waterways. |
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Term
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Definition
| Common agent for gold leaching. High concentrations end up in ponds/tailings piles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reclamation w/ iron binding compounds to reduce toxicity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Common pollutant during smelting/processing. Found in higher concentrations downwind after precipitating out. |
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Term
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Definition
| Smokestack pollution controls and/or stabilizing/reclaiming tailings piles and ponds. |
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Term
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Definition
| Slope failures of tailings piles, cut slopes, pond berms. Localized subsidence. Abandoned structures/mines. |
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Term
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Definition
| Proper design of slopes/berms/structures, ongoing monitoring, regulated decommissioning. |
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Term
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Definition
| Released from coal deposits during mining operations. |
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Term
| Burning coal in powerplants |
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Definition
| Emissions of Hg, CO2, SOx, NOx in to the atmosphere can lead to acid rain. |
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Term
| Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) |
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Definition
Measure of concentration of all ions in solution.
High concentrations (>1000ppm) can create corrosion in pipes/wells. |
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Term
| Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) |
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Definition
| As dissolved minerals are classified as inorganic salts, "salinity" can be used interchangeably. |
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Term
| National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4, organic chem.) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) |
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Definition
| Enforceable standards est. based on health criteria. |
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Term
| Maximum Residual Disinfectant Levels (MRDLs) |
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Definition
| Highest levels of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. |
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Term
| Secondary water quality standards |
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Definition
| Non-enforceable guidelines for water aesthetic. |
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Term
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Definition
Carcinogenic organic compound from chlorine disinfection of water.
<0.08ppm |
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Term
| Light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) |
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Definition
Less dense than water.
Can sometimes be highly soluble in water. |
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Term
| Light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) |
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Definition
When spilled, migrate through vadose zone and reside in the capillary fringe.
With a significant enough spill, can depress local groundwater table. |
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Term
| Light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) |
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Definition
| Typically derived from petroleum and petroleum additive products. |
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Term
| Dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) |
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Definition
More dense than water.
Mainly derived from creosote, coal tar, PCB oils, chlorinated solvents. |
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Term
| Dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) |
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Definition
| Organic liquids, only slightly soluble. |
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Term
| Dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) |
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Definition
Will migrate through the saturated zone, accumulate at the bottom of an aquifer.
Lateral migration based on stratigraphy gradient, NOT groundwater flow. |
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Term
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Definition
Soil-Vapor extraction, biodegredation, soil flushing, installation of physical barrier(s).
Monitoring wells should be installed down gradient. |
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Term
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Definition
| Metal parts cleaning solvent. |
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Term
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) |
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Definition
Oily liquid or solid chlorinated compounds used as coolants and electrical transformer lubricants.
(not used since '77) |
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Term
| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) |
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Definition
| The result of incomplete combustion of coal/oil/gas/garbage. |
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Term
| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) |
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Definition
Includes:
Benzo(A)Pyrene
Benzo(B)Fluoranthene
Dibenzoa(A,H)Anthracene |
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Term
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Definition
Benzene (B)
Toluene (T)
Ethyl Benzene (E)
Xylene (X) |
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Term
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Definition
| 4 major components in gasoline. |
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Term
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Definition
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980
(aka Superfund). |
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Term
| National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) |
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Definition
| EPA regulation for storm water discharge from construction/industrial sites. |
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