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Definition
| The type or variety of language that the writer or speaker has chosen to use (e.g. formal register, informal register, medical register, academic register, etc.) |
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Term
| What is the definition of a maxim? |
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Definition
| "a short, pithy statement expressing a general truth or rule of conduct." |
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| Which theorist proposed the maxims of conversation? |
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Definition
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Definition
| Describes the degree to which texts stick to certain conventions and how impersonal they are. The more spoken features a text has the more informal it will tend to be. |
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| Which theorist proposed the maxims of POLITENESS? |
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Definition
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Definition
| The smallest meaning that can be derived from a word. |
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Definition
| public self image every adult tries to protect. |
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Definition
| to prevent embarrassment of one's self or another person. |
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Definition
| theorists who first devised a politeness theory. |
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Definition
| an act which directly damages the face of speaker or addressee e.g. 'do you remember when you fell over and looked like a mug' |
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Definition
| when the face threatening is not attempted to be minimized in any way e.g. 'move out the way' |
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Definition
| used to soften requests when the speaker wants something e.g. 'hey, mate, could you just pass me that?' |
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Definition
| when a speaker is indirect when trying to get something they want e.g. 'wow, it's cold in here' when trying to get someone to close a window. |
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Term
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Definition
| saves face for addressee when they might be embarrassed e.g. 'you wouldn't be able to tell where oxford street station is, could you?' |
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Term
| Dominance Approach (Zimmerman and West) |
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Definition
Men dominate the discourse, interrupt and speak more than women.
Because of the cultural construction of gender. |
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Term
| Difference Approach (Deborah Tannen) |
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Definition
Men and women use language differently.
Men use it to build status.
Women to build networks of connections. |
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Term
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Definition
| Supportive terms such as 'oh' and 'really' |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Where a speaker moves towards another speakers accent, dialect or socialect |
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Definition
Abbreviation using the first letter of a group pronounced as a single word. Common in text messaging.
Lol= laugh out loud. |
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Term
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Definition
Speech used to create personal connections between people as opposed to conveying information to clarify something.
How are you? |
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Term
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Definition
| Linguistic and behavioural choices provided by technology. |
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Term
How man morphemes are in the following words?
a) Crocodiles.
b) Street.
c) Hyperinflation. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
the building blocks of sentences (words, phrases, clauses)
and they go together to mean something. |
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Term
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Definition
A question
"Are you happy?" rather than "you are happy." |
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Term
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Definition
| a statement - e.g. two fish are in a tank. |
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Term
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Definition
| What we really mean by what we say or write in a given context. |
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Term
What are the pragmatics of this sentence:
'Mum, I can't find my books' |
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Definition
| Mum, have you seen my books? |
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Term
| What does inference mean? |
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Definition
| The technique of finding answers from clues and from prior knowledge rather than directly. |
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Term
| Fairclough Power theorist |
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Definition
| Power in discourse refers to contexts where power relationships are esablished through the language that is used. |
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Term
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Definition
| Female talk has dihb stinctive features that support power constructs in talk such as hedging. t |
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Term
| Fairclough Power theorist |
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Definition
| Power in discourse refers to contexts where power relationships are esablished through the language that is used. |
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Term
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Definition
| Female talk has dihb stinctive features that support power constructs in talk such as hedging. t |
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Term
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Definition
| Where a speaker actively distances himself/herself from another speaker by accentuating their own accent or dialect. |
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Term
| Fairclough Power theorist |
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Definition
| Power in discourse refers to contexts where power relationships are esablished through the language that is used. |
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Term
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Definition
| Female talk has dihb stinctive features that support power constructs in talk such as hedging. t |
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Term
| Fairclough Power theorist |
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Definition
| Power in discourse refers to contexts where power relationships are esablished through the language that is used. |
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Term
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Definition
| Female talk has dihb stinctive features that support power constructs in talk such as hedging. t |
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Term
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Definition
| Words that name people, places, things, concepts (such as: weasel, disaster) |
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Definition
| Words describing nouns (such as: beautiful, unfortunate) |
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Definition
| Words describing actions or states (such as: eat, feel) |
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Definition
| Words modifying the verb (saying how, when and where it happens)and modifying adjectives (such as: happily, now, here, perhaps, very) |
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Term
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Definition
| These give an idea of the number or status (for example, possession - showing who the thing belongs to) of nouns(i.e. a cat, the cat, any cats, all cats) |
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Term
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Definition
| Utterances which are considered as an action, particularly with regard to it's intention, purpose, or effect. Such as requesting or commanding. |
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Term
| What is a direct speech act? |
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Definition
| An action in which the form used directly matches the function performed. E.g 'Can you take me to the shops?'. |
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Term
| What is an indirect speech act? |
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Definition
| An action in which the form used does not directly match the function. E.g 'you make a better door than a window'. |
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Term
| What is an inference reference? |
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Definition
| When additional information used by the listener creates a connection between what is said. E.g Picasso is in the museum. |
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Term
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Definition
| The idea of 'pointing' with language. E.g saying 'here', 'this' etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| Points to things and people. E.g 'him', 'her' etc. |
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Definition
| Points to a location. E.g 'there', 'near that' etc. |
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Definition
| Points to a point in time. E.g 'now', 'then', 'last week' etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| of or denoting a style of writing or conversational speech characterized by simple grammatical structures, familiar vocabulary, and use of idioms |
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Term
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Definition
| When writing or speaking, we choose the words which seem most suitable to the purpose and audience. In academic writing we use formal language, avoiding the use of slang and colloquial language. |
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Term
| Robin Lakoff (Dominance and Difference) |
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Definition
Women use hedges and fillers.
Including tag questions, speak less, and use more intensifiers.
Claiming these features make women inferior. |
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Term
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Definition
| Claimed all theories were biased because they commented on differences not similarities. |
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Term
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Definition
1)Bitching
2) Chatting
3) House Talk
4) Scandel |
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Term
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Definition
Female: Bitch, Slag, Whore etc
Men: Bastard, Wanker, gay etc |
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Term
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Definition
| When the meaning of a word has evolved to become an insult. Such as 'bitch'. Used to refer to a female dog, now is used as an insult to women. |
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Term
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Definition
Positive politeness intended to avoid offence by highlighting friendliness.
Negative is to avoid offense by showing defense. |
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Term
| Janet Holmes (Politeness) |
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Definition
| Women are more polite than men. |
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